Pan Yue: China's environmental protection has arrived at the most important shutdown
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January 24, 2005 02:01
"Unlike Western developed countries, if we make mistakes in environmental issues, it is impossible to walk back."
"My experience makes me a person who is persistent to sustainable development. But in environmental issues, I am not willing to become a prophet, because the problem is too serious."
On January 18, the State Environmental Protection Administration held a press conference to announce the 30 illegal starting projects of 13 provinces and cities such as Jinsha Jiangxi Luo Hydropower Station. Among these 30 projects, some are large, such as Jinsha Jiangxi Luo Hydropower Station, 12.6 million kilowatts of installed capacity, for China Second Taiwan Hydropower Station (32 million installed capacity of the Three Gorges power station), another The parked power station - Three Gorges underground power station, its installed capacity is also 4.2 million kilowatts.
This is also the implementation of the "Environmental Impact Assessment Law of the People's Republic of China", the Environmental Protection Administration's first large-scale foreign publication of illegal starting projects, the punishment is great, and it has been rare for the founding of the country. Pan Yue, deputy director of the State Environmental Protection Administration, said that these projects have started construction in the event that the EIA report is not approved, and some projects have basically completed, which belongs to the typical unbounded illegal projects.
"The State Environmental Protection Administration will investigate the illegal construction projects to check the illegal construction projects, discover a handle, discover a batch of processes, and never allow the illegal construction project like 'iron'." Pan language is determined, showing governance The determination of the environment. And the outside world exclaimed, "environmental protection storm" finally came.
44-year-old Pan Yue is no longer the first time that public opinion is concerned. In the early 1990s, he organized a series of discussions such as "Rebuilding China 's Psychic Home" at the Deputy Mistown, China Youth Daily, "in the mid-1990s, presided over when he served as deputy director of the National State Assets Administration Investigate the loss of state-owned assets;, a series of "counterfeiting" action was organized by deputy director of the National Bureau of Quality Supervision, in the late 1990s; in October last year, he was the topic of "Environmental Protection and Social Fair" in the 5th Green China Forum. , Attracting attention, circulating everywhere. This time, because of environmental protection, he has once again become the focus of public opinion.
"The standard we punish is only one, that is, it is environmentally friendly."
China News Weekly: This National Environmental Protection Administration informed 30 power projects that were illegally started, which in the national power supply is tight, and some areas even appear "electric shortage", especially people; also worry that this will exacerbate In the future, China's power supply is tight. Whether the GEM should weigh this problem before making this notification?
Pan Yue: We have carefully weighed. At present, China's electricity is nervous, but relative to future needs, it is not much more than the power project, it is far more. This year, the national starting power station has reached 150 million kilowatts, exceeding one half of the approval amount. Worse, it has not completed the national approved procedures in the country of 2000 million in the construction project, and it has started to start up to 120 million kilowatts. Let's develop, from the environmental perspective, will once again form a vicious circle promoted by the high-energy energy industry and power station construction; from the economic point of view, it is bound to lead to a large amount of power generation capacity in the future, and the financial institution has a surge, and the economy is destroyed. steady development.
China News Week: You mentioned the "iron" incident to repeat it at the press conference. After the "Iron Book" incident, some people think that the construction project is in most, if continued construction, after the project is completed, local and countries will benefit. However, once downsy, the loss is 100%. Will this Environmental Protection Administration call the power project that will also encounter similar troubles?
Pan Yue: It may lose tens of billions of projects to stop a batch of projects. However, if this momentum continues, the greenhouse gas in the thermal power plant coal-fired is exceeded by 4 tons, and the cost of our international performance will reach 50 billion every year. This loss is not big? World Bank calculates, after 2020, we will pay $ 390 billion in the fees, accounting for 13% of GDP, this loss is not big? If the power generation capacity is excessive, the bank's adverse loan has surged, once China's financial system has turmoil, the national economic losses are probably not calculated.
Our penalty is carried out according to law. If it is punished after the illegal, please punish the price, then what is the law of the law? How to implement the central scientific development concept? If the national laws and regulations are not effective, they will lose their authority, causing the government to fail, social confusion. From another perspective, for the long-term interests of the country, sometimes "overkill" must be "excessive".
China News Weekly: From the state of environmental punishment, due to small scale, environmental protection measures, "civilized" is investigated, "State-owned" is often found, and the CPC will consider Business background?
Pan Yue: The standard of our punishment is only one, that is, it is environmentally friendly. I can guarantee that there is no "national" and "private" in this issue, and there is no discrimination problem. We are not only playing "mouse" and does not play "Tiger". As long as the environmental protection violation, it should be punished.
"Let the disadvantageous areas and groups do not need to make this option between environmental protection and economic development."
China News Week: Many people mentioned that China is still developing countries, facing various development tasks, and environmental protection is not universal, why are you still so emphasized?
Pan Yue: It's not that I am unilaterally in the Environmental Protection Bureau, I have said many times, and simple economic development does not solve all the problems we face. For example, economic development, does not solve the allocation mechanism, will bring huge gaps, which ultimately lead to unstable society. Many institutional problems do not intensify the reform, the faster the economy is developed, the faster the crisis is coming.
I have always believed that "only economic growth theory" is certainly opposed "Revidence". This is especially true for China's civilized ancient countries. China has been in the same kind of symbols for thousands of years to develop to today, definitely not relying solely on economic or military, more of a cultural ethical system full of political wisdom. The kernel of this cultural ethics system is "harmonious". Today, there are many examples of environmental and social issues that have been emphasized in the economy: SARS, Lijiang pollution, etc. Our population resource structure is very different, and some countries have walked into the corners of environmental protection, they have enough money, with the sufficient money and technology that have accumulated in the past, but also take back the circular economy and the use of new energy. . But we are different, if we make mistakes on environmental issues, we can't walk back, according to the real resource environment. Environmental issues are no longer able to benefit from the descendants of the children, but become a real problem that our generation can be traveled. Our environmental capacity has reached the limits of economic development, and environmental issues have become one of the main bottlenecks that restrict China's economic and social development.
China News Week: But China's real problem is to develop economies and protect the environment, this is a difficult choice.
Pan Yue: In fact, we can change the existing development model immediately, and go to the road to developing the circular economy as soon as possible. The United States solves environmental problems in the case of an average of 8,000 to 10,000 US dollars, and South Korea is solved in the case of a per capita 4000 to $ 6,000. The total amount of per capita production in the eastern province of China has reached 3,000 yuan, and some mature technologies may also be solved in advance to solve the environmental problems in advance, and to make economic development and environmental protection. That is, we can implement the environment priority to the eastern part, change the assessment content of the cadres. China News Weekly: Why should we first change the assessment of cadres, do it as a very important thing?
Pan Yue: The development strategy of each place should be developed according to different regions. Some places are not suitable for development industries, and the main task it faces is to maintain the ecological and water sources there. Then, the indicator of cadres here can not be produced in a year, how much tax is produced. Ask their standards very simple, how is the soil stay? Some places are suitable for development industries, and their pollution is governed on the basis of development industries. Different regions should delineate different goals according to the total amount of population and the total economy, and develop different standards and implement different policies. This problem does not resolve, there must be a construction project that develops low-level repetitability in all parts, and also brings difficult to resolve environmental issues.
China News Weekly: But for some poor areas, the first thing to solve is still the problem, we also found in the field interview, some people think that the warmth is not solved, environmental protection is an extravagant.
Pan Yue: Environmental and social equity is one of the core issues of China's environmental protection cause. In the case of a disparity of the gap between the rich and the poor, the protection environment is very difficult. The rich is unwilling to give up the rich material wealth, the poor is not willing to live, and must develop the economy, pursue high-consumption wealthy lifestyle. At this time, it is emphasized that it will be mistaken to be in denial of the right of the poor. However, if the poor is allowed to pursue economic and social equality in the way of destroying the environment, the whole resources may destroy the entire nation's survival.
To this end, we are studying the ecological compensation mechanism, which is to pay the environmental benefit area to protect the environment sacrificed, so that the rich people in environmental resources have paid to the poor, so that the contaminated household pays for the victims. This disadvantageous area and group do not have to make a choice between environmental protection and economic development.
"I am not a prophet, the severe reality has been put there, what do you need?"
China News Weekly: You may be a first batch of environmental protection reporters in China. In the 1980s, the experience of environmental protection reports and environmental investigations in the 1980s is helpful to the environmental protection work you are engaged in?
Pan Yue: At that time, I was engaged in environmental protection reports, I have done a lot of field investigations, and I also wrote some "criticism reports", and I have a big responsibility. I almost discharged my reporter career, but I still regret this experience. . For example, I reported that I reported on Yunnan Dianchi, which was very much. However, more than 20 years have passed, Dianchi is now governing the cost at least dozens of times. At that time, I missed the best time for governance.
This has a big impact on my concept. I am a macroeconomic department, not a purely meaningful environmental worker. But no matter what department is repeating the same voice: I have always been a sustainable aura, a person who is attached to the concept of sustainable development.
China News Weekly: There are many departments you experience, and there are many problems with predictability. For example, the issue of state-owned assets loss is mentioned earlier; these issues are what you have been thinking. Is it very important to regard this department?
Pan Yue: I have some common in these departments. When the State Administration of China, State-owned participants were not attached to it. Now the national gains have become a big problem. An important job we did at that time was to check out the loss of state-owned assets. I have been unbearable, and I know that the problem is very serious. A data can be explained: According to the survey, the state-owned overseas assets have 2 trillion, but only 180 billion registration is only 180 billion. 30,000 overseas companies, only 2,000 companies registered. The gap between this is of course very indicative to many problems with deep masking. When the technical supervision bureau, the technical supervision is not valued, the market fake is flooding, many fake work must be started from the head, from a national quality, our quality awareness is greatly improved. I don't have to do this.
The system reform departments are relatively over, this department does not have its own department interest because it does not have an approval. I can relatively calmly study the economic system, administrative system, and even political system reform, which is helpful for habits that form my macro observation.
At the environmental protection department, I found that "Sustainable Development View" has been put forward for more than 10 years, but did not get real implementation. I don't want to say, which department I have to exaggerate the power of this department is very important, but it is very coincidental to catch up with these departments to be at the forefront of reform. I am not a prophet, the severe reality has been placed there, what predictions still needed? On environmental issues, I am more reluctant to be a prophet, because the problem is too serious, from China's unique national conditions, no more governance, it will not be able to manage it.
(Source: "China News Weekly"; Reporter: Sun Excellency)
