Now there are more and more friends who have multiple operating systems, but occurs occurs during multi-operating system running, launch file corruption, unable to boot to a specified operating system, etc., have made many people hurt the heart . In fact, as long as you really understand the meaning of multiple boots, you can completely meet, and you will be happy.
First, a multi-guidance process
The boot process of different operating systems is different, and Win98 / Me is started by reading the information starting system in the hard disk boot sector, while Win2000 / XP / 2003 starts the system via NTLDR and NTDetect.com files. If you install multiple operating systems at the same time, it is mainly determined by the following 7 files: NTLDR, NTDETECT.COM, Boot.ini, Bootsect.dos, Bootfont.bin, Ntoskrnl.exe, Hal.dll. The specific process is as follows:
After the computer self-test, the MBR (Hand Boot Record) is transferred to the memory, starting to find the active partition and main boot sector, and then hand it over to NTLDR (NT System Loader), it reads Boot.ini ( Multi-flow menu files, then display the multiple startup menu, the default wait time is 30 seconds, and if the user does not choose, start the computer from the default operating system. If the user selects Win98 / ME, read the bootsect.dos file (the system boot sector record file) and press the information boot system. If the user selects WIN2000 / XP / 2003, call NTDetect.com file (hardware information profile), this is a system-level device initialization file, and then pass hard information to ntoskrnl.exe and hal.dll files after reading. The system kernel manager file) then starts booting the operating system, which is no longer detailed here. Bootfont.bin is a flea file for displaying Chinese during the system startup.
Understand the startup process of multiple operating systems, which can be solved by various failures.
Second, actual multi-guide failure
We will install the WIN98, D disk installed in the C drive, and the WIN2003 is installed as an example. And tell the method as the main line with a fault.
1. The system cannot start, prompt "NTLDR IS MISSING, PRESS ANY Key To Restart"
This is due to the failure caused by NTLDR file loss or damage, extracting this file from the I386 folder of the Win2000 / XP / 2003 installation disc, copied to the C-plate root directory overwritten. However, pay attention to this file must be the highest version of each operating system, such as the NTLDR file to copy Win2003 in this example, and see later.
Insert the WIN2000 / XP / 2003 installation disc into the CD drive with Win98 boot disk boot system to DOS, and then execute the following command to repair the fault in the DOS prompt, then restart the computer (Figure 1):
A: /> x: (X represents the light drive letter) x: /> CD i386 (switch to the I386 directory of the disc) x: /> i386> Copy NTLDR C: / (copy the NTLDR file to the root directory of the C drive)
2. Multiple start menu is lost, the system starts directly from the C disk (generally Win98)
This is a failure caused by the Boot.ini file loss or damage, as long as the file is fixed, the method is 2:
One is to fix it by "false installation" WIN2000 / XP / 2003. That is, the operating system is installed with a general method, and then after the computer is restarted, press "F3" to end the installation process. The boot.ini file has been repaired. Next to delete all directories and files starting and ending in the hard disk, such as: $ win_nt $. ~ Bt. At the same time, delete the Boot.ini file related menu options related to these directories or files, and modify the items in the [Boot Loader] "and" [Operating Systems] ", see below. This method is more suitable for new hands, and the creation of the file is simple, but it takes longer. The second is to manually repair or rebuild the boot.ini file, open the file with Notepad, the correct content is as follows:
[boot loader] timeout = 30 default = c: / [Operating systems] C: / = "Microsoft Windows 98" Multi (0) Disk (0) RDisk (0) Partition (2) / Winnt = "Microsoft Windows 2000 Server" / FastDetect Multi (0) Disk (0) RDisk (0) Partition (3) / Windows = "Microsoft Windows XP Professional" / FastDetect Multi (0) Disk (0) RDisk (0) Partition (4) / Windows = "Microsoft Windows 2003, Enterprise "/ FastDetect
The specific meaning is as follows:
"Timeout = 30" Sets the time that the multi-boot menu stays on the screen, default is 30 seconds.
"Default = ..." Set the path of the default operating system, the content behind the alignment must correspond to the operating system already existing in the [Operating Systems] field, and copy the content before "=" in this line to "Default" = "Will be behind.
Multi (0) DISK (0) RDisk (0) Partition (2) / Windows: This is an ARC (Advanced RISC computer) named. For a general user, you need to understand "RDisk" and "Partition" parameters. In this example, "RDISK (0) represents the first block," Partition (2) indicates the second partition of the hard disk.
Understand these parameters, you can modify or rebuild boot.ini according to your situation.
3.WIN98 can start normally, while Win2000 / XP / 2003 "NTDetect Failed" fault prompt
This is a malfunction caused by NTDetect.com file damage or loss. In the multi-boot menu, select Win98, after startup, insert Win2000 / XP / 2003 installation disc (using the highest version) in the CD-ROM, copy the NTDetect.com file in the I386 directory in the CD to the C-plate root directory overwritten.
4. After installing WinXP / 2000 on a computer containing Win2003, Win2003 cannot start
The cause of the problem is that the two files of NTLDR and NTDetect.com are not compatible, so as long as the low version of NTLDR and NTDetect.com, you can "back".
5.WIN98 is damaged after damage to "SYS C:", the result is lost in the menu
The easiest way is to "fake installation" fixes, see the forebel.
6. Use the "format" command to format the C disk to reload Win98, multiple boot menu loss
This situation is more difficult to handle, and can be repaired in the following method:
The first step: generate the bootsect.dos file. The contents of the 512-byte hard disk boot sector have been described in front of the BootSect.dos file, so it is only necessary to read this file as long as the content of the hard disk boot sector is read. Click "Start" → "Programs" → "MS-DOS Mode" in Win98 (Figure 2), entered at the DOS prompt: debug -l 100 2, 0, 1 (read hard disk guide sectors) -nc: / Bootsect.dos -r bx bx: 0000: 0 -R CX CX: 0000: 200 -W (write boot sector content to file) c: /bootsect.dos Writing 0020 BYTES -Q
Step 2: Restore the boot procedure for Win2000 / XP / 2003. In WIN98, the Win2000 / XP / 2003 is installed into the optical drive, the installation system, after restarting the computer, when the welcome screen appears, press the "R" button according to the prompt, start to "Restore Console", the system will automatically scan Samely, the installed operating system list is available for users to select login (Figure 3), to log in to the E: / windows directory as an example, type 2, enter the vehicle, enter the administrator password into the command line status. Enter "fixboot" and answer "Y" to restore the boot program of Win2000 / XP / 2003.
Step 3: Enter "Bootcfg / Rebuild" after the prompt, start the system scan after the bus, then list the operating system list, and ask "Add the installation to the start list", answer "Y". Next, enter the text of the operating system in the startup menu after the "Input Load Identifier", such as "Microsoft Windows 2000", then enter "FastDetect" in the OS Load Options (Figure 4). Finally, type "exit" to restart the computer.
Step 4: After the above repair, Win2000 / XP / 2003 has been able to start normally, but the Win98 boot option is still lacking, and the user cannot launch Win98 by selecting the start menu. In Win2000 / XP / 2003, use Notepad to open Boot.ini, and finally add the following in the [Operating Systems] field: c: / = "Microsoft Windows 98"
7. After using multiple start menus, the system cannot start, prompt "If the following file is damaged or lost, Windows cannot start:
This issue only appears in the Win2000 / XP / 2003 operating system, which is mainly due to the loss of "hal.dll" file, extracting this file from the I386 directory of Win2000 / XP / 2003 installation disc, copied to the corresponding system The partitioned Windows / System32 / directory is overwritten. The specific method is to use WinRAR to open "Hal.dl_" under the i386 directory in a normal system, unzip "hal.dll" into the "Windows / System32" directory of the corrupted operating system (Figure 5), then Restart your computer.
8. During the startup process, all Chinese is garbled, English can be displayed normally.
This problem is caused by damage or loss of the font file "bootfont.bin", extracting this file from the I386 directory of the Win2000 / XP / 2003 installation disc, copied to the C-drive root directory overwritten.
Third, summary
