WinMe / Win2000 / Linux multi-start detailed explanation
Zhang Renhui (Harbin 2001.3 http://www.filesee.com)
At present, due to the continuous decline in hard disk and memory prices, many friends' computers are large hard drives, and memory is also 128M has become a standard configuration, so that multi-operating systems are installed on the same computer. Windows 2000 has been favored by more and more users with its stability and superior performance, but the memory consumption is relatively large, but for 128M, running Windows 2000 is still relatively smooth, so for the current mainstream configuration machine installation Windows 2000 may be preferred. Windows Me as the last product of the Win9X series, its rich home network and entertainment features, especially for gamers, is also an indispensable operating system, after all, many games under Windows 2000 can only be bundled. Linux acts as the only operating system that is resistant to Windows, and its user group is already large. Chinese Linux has many versions, and it is very good, so many players also put Linux to hard drives, fully enjoy the wonderful linux. Install WinMe / Win2000 / Linux on the same machine, there is a multiple startup issue. There are many types of startup methods for many articles to start management programs such as PQBoot, Sys Commander, etc. through third parties. These programs have need to register, and some have special requirements for the partition. In fact, Win2000 and Linux itself have launching management programs, and everyone knows that OS Loader and Lilo. We can use these two programs to achieve multiple boots of three operating systems without other third-party programs. The following is explained in detail with my installation example. The author's hard drive is 20G, first partition the hard disk, you can use FDISK, I recommend you use the PQMAGIC partition so that the original data can be not destroyed. First divide a primary partition, 4G size, and FAT32 file system (Windows 2000 can identify the FAT32 partition, so there is no need to divide the C disk into FAT16 format as before installing NT4), then create an extension partition. Because Win2000 and Linux are not required to be started from the primary partition, only one primary partition is created here. Divide the expansion partition into 4 logical partitions, the first is 4G Linux partition, the file system format is EXT2, the second is the linux exchange partition (the author is 260m size, which is 2 times the memory), the third The 4G NTFS partition (Win2000 is installed in this partition, using the NTFS format to fully exert the performance of Win2000), the fourth is the remaining part as user data, format is FAT32. After the partition is over, the primary partition is activated. Here is the total of 5 partitions, under Linux, such 5 partitions, corresponding equipment names are HDA1 (main partition, FAT32, also C disk), HDA5 (Linux partition), HDA6 (Linux exchange partition ), HDA7 (NTFS partition), HDA8 (FAT32, user data). The number of logical partitions under Linux is starting from 5, and 4 numbers in front are left to the primary partition and extension partition. Start installing the operating system below, first installing Windows Me. Use the disc to start or start from the floppy disk, install it in the C drive, the installation process is relatively simple, and it will not be described in detail here. Then start Windows Me, install Windows 2000 under Windows Me, the author is installed, and the other versions are also different.
When installing, choose NTFS partitions when selecting the partition. Restart after the installation is complete, you can find that the dual boot of Win2000 and WinMe is now available, this is the Win2000 OS Loader implementation. What needs to be explained is that OS Loader is the main boot area mounted on the hard disk. The following is the installation of Linux. In fact, Linux is not necessarily the same, the first is the same. The author installs xteamlinux3.2. Start with the disc, the installation interface is the Chinese graphical interface, it is also very simple, one need to pay attention to the partition selection correct, choose to install Linux in the HDA5, the exchange partition is selected in HDA6; another important place is LILO installation location must choose The first sector installed in the Linux root partition instead of mounting in the main boot area (ie, MBR) if the installation is completed after the installation is complete. If LILO is not installed during the installation, it doesn't matter, there may be a variety of reasons to fail, and the reservoir will not have successful remedies after LILO. Be sure to start the floppy disk during the installation process, because there is no start disk that is not started after the installation is complete. Although there are also methods from hard drives, it is still convenient to start the floppy disk. After the Linux installation is complete, start with Linux boot floppy disk, log in to root, enter Linux. If the LILO installation fails during the installation process, then proceed: Enter / ETC, find the lilo.conf file, edit this file, you should have the following: boot = / dev / hda5map = / boot / mapinstall = / boot / boot. bpromptlba32timeout = 50image = / boot / vmlinuz-2.2.16-xtm15 label = xteam root = / dev / hda5 append = "mem = 128M" read-onlyimage = / boot / vmlinuz-2.2.16-xtm15 label = SafeMode root = / DEV / HDA5 APPEND = "4" Read-Only VGA = 274
After saving, run / sbin / libo, so that LILO is installed in the first sector of HDA5. If the LILO installation is no problem during the installation process, the above steps are not required. Since the OS Loader of Windows 2000 allows the first 512 bytes of the other partition to be stored as the selection of boots, we can use this file to make Win2000 in one file. To guide Linux. Specific practice: You can first mount HDA1, which is the C directory in Windows, you can use the following command: #mount -t vfat / dev / hda1 / mnt / c to install the HDA1 to / mnt / c directory, c directory Is the author built, you can of course create a directory of other names. Then use the DD command to save the head 512 bytes of the HDA5 in a file: #dd if = / dev / hda5 of = / mnt / c / boot.lnx BS = 512 count = 1 This is in the root directory of the C A 512-byte size file boot.lnx is established and then restarted to WinME or Win2000. Edit the boot.ini file under the root directory of the C drive, the content is as follows:
[boot loader] timeout = 30default = MULTI (0) Disk (0) RDisk (0) Partition (4) / Winnt [Operating Systems] Multi (0) Disk (0) RDisk (0) Partition (4) / Winnt = " Windows 2000 Server "/ FastDetectc: / =" Windows Millennium Edition "We add boot.lnx to change to:
[boot loader] timeout = 30default = MULTI (0) Disk (0) RDisk (0) Partition (4) / Winnt [Operating Systems] Multi (0) Disk (0) RDisk (0) Partition (4) / Winnt = " Windows 2000 Server "/ FastDetectc: / =" Windows Millennium Edition "c: /boot.lnx=" xteam Linux 3.2 "
Restart after saving, you can find that there are already three operating systems to choose! Now is the default start WIN2000, change the default in boot.ini to default = c: / The default starts WINME, and change to default = c: /boot.lnx to launch Linux by default. The method described herein is also applicable to Win98, WinNT. If you have any questions, you can mail to me: zrh1999@tom.com, or to my homepage http://filesee.com message.
