"Technology and Design 2" module content and teaching
2004
year
8
month
14
day
22:59:40, Duan Qing, original | reference http://blog.cersp.com/mvp/6005/toC=20040814225940
Technical and Design 2 Modules have four topics of "Structure and Design", "Process and Design", "System and Design", "Control and Design".
This module starts from the student's life experience, focusing on the core ideas and methods of making problems, analyzing problems, construction and condensed technology design, guiding students to use these methods to solve simple technical design issues in life, so that students experience and feelings Technical Design Thinking and Implementation Process, INDUSTRATIVE INFORMATION AND TECHNOLOGY. The integral, coordinated, associated, control, stability, weighing, improvement, optimization of the module content, has a wide range of application value and mobility, which is conducive to students constitute a unique benefit to individual lifelong learning and development. Design idea.
The learning content of this module is related to the actual learning of students:
◎ Small to a bookshelf, big to a bridge, is the result of structure design;
◎ People's life will have a process design;
◎ Optimized design of the indoor decoration, the plant reasonable set of hillside land can be regarded as the result of system design;
◎ Keep the vegetable greenhouses constant temperature, keep the pressure of the gas pipeline in the safety value range, are the results of control design.
Everyone can find examples of typical design from each side, everyone can participate in the design.
This module is easy to understand from the student, analyzing the connotation of each typical design, learn the ideological methods of technology design, solve design problems, and feel the fun of technical design.
First, module structure
Second, module content
1, structural design
Understanding and analysis:
Through the analysis of the typical case, students understand the characteristics and applications of different structures and applications, combining the simple force, understanding and analysis of stability, intensity, and intensity of the two structures.
For example, the Great Wall of the entity structure, the architecture of the frame structure is a mainstream design form of today's civil residential house, and the arrogant shell of the housing structure is simple.
Design and production:
Simple structural design, and can make a work or model according to the design scheme, and feel the process of structural design. For example, you can design a personalized, different support shape, design a personalized table lamp cover, design a canned shower head fixture, the framework of the vegetable greenhouse, etc., can also learn the actual learning Need to use structure design ideas to solve problems.
Experience and appreciation:
During the design, experience structure is stable, practical, harmonious, concise, and classic features, learn to appreciate the technical characteristics and cultural characteristics of structural design.
2, process design
Understanding and analysis:
Through the analysis, understanding process, timing, sequencing concepts, as well as the general principles of process design, and the general principles to follow process design. For example, various "combine harvesters" workflows commonly used in agricultural production, the process of rural residential construction, the workflow of the fast food distribution center, etc.
Understand the optimization and work efficiency of the process, and the relationship between the quality, the inevitable link between the innovation and the creation of wealth. For example, comparing bank savings uses a workflow before and after the computer system for deposit, and then analyzes the improvement and equipment of the process design, and the relationship between work efficiency.
Design and production:
Improved design of a simple process design or process can draw a simple block diagram of process design, perform the necessary works, and experience process design. For example, constructing a construction process design of a farmhouse, a process design and improvement of a mail processing (sub-inspection) process, and the process optimization design of a self-catering tourism.
3, system design
Understanding and analysis:
Through the analysis of typical cases, understanding the concepts, systematic characteristics of the system, the general principles of the system, the general principles and systems of system design, master the basic idea of the system, understand the relationship between the components of the system, learn to properly The main relationship between the coordination system and the secondary relationship. For example, in an indoor decoration of the living room, a supporting design plan for each link (housing structure, hydropower installation, ground, wall, furniture, plane layout, etc.), the optimization of a agricultural and sideline product processing (considering the relationship between various links) Design, etc.
Design and production:
Use system design ideas to design, such as the design of the school's course plan, the design of the school sports meeting (competition, venue, staffing arrangements, etc.), the planning and design of the farmhouse (from feasibility investigation, breeding breed selection, Factory design, contact for supply and marketing channels, staff organizations, etc.).
4, control and design
Understanding and analysis:
By analyzing about the typical cases of life and production, understand what is the control system, as well as the basic composition and work procedures of simple open loop control systems and negative feedback closed loop control systems, and learn the block diagram of the control system, it will analyze the simple control system Interference factor.
For example, the sound control of the street lamp constitutes an open loop control system, and the temperature control of the household refrigerator is a closed-loop control system, etc., see the following block diagram:
Design and production:
According to a simple problem in life, production, the design and production of control systems, simple open loop control design, such as by changing the center of gravity of the water tank to control the water tank design of the public toilet time-to-water, and the fixed-time control unit of the flag, etc. Using the learned knowledge and alternative materials can be made according to the design. The design of the closed-loop control system, due to the selection and use of sensing, control devices, such as constant temperature control of the flower house, etc., conditional schools and students can design under the guidance of teachers.
Third, module teaching
In the teaching implementation of this module, the important issue that teachers should grasp is:
1. Teaching design according to the characteristics of this module
This module meets the general characteristics of the technical course, and the research object is a technical design, but it has transcended pure technology and the design of the design. In the teaching implementation, teachers need teachers to grasp the teaching objectives, structures and contents of the module, and conduct system design, analyze teaching objectives, students' learning backgrounds, and set up learning tasks, and integrate the learning tasks of each unit. Handle the four elements of teachers, students, textbooks, and resources, properly choose the form of teaching. For example, "Structure and Design" units, teachers should determine the time according to the student's learning and school conditions, the general arrangements of each school, the teaching methods, teaching organizations, teachers' demonstrations, students should do What are the difficulties and problems of the students, and the guidance should be given to them, it is recommended that students' reading materials and suggestions are used for the production resources of the student learning process and the programming process. Evaluation and excitation. What are the following?
Teachers should avoid the sequential teachers in accordance with the textbook content, students listen, and then specify the process of making a unified work.
2, according to the students' knowledge and life experience selection arrangement teaching strategy
After the teaching objectives and teaching design of the module content, teachers need to make arrangements for teaching methods and forms based on the learning tasks of each part and students, and regulate teaching methods and regulate them during the execution process. This module is in line with the general characteristics of technical courses, emphasizing students' foundation and direct experience of knowledge, and requires teachers to fill each other in their education resources and book knowledge. The arms are like learning the contents of "structural stability and strength", students may have accumulated which life experiences, what examples in real life can guide students as a pavement of this content, guiding them according to students' personality, and which tests and Designed, you can deepen the understanding and application level of this content, what is important tips that teachers should give, how to guide students to increase the general analysis of the case to methods and theory, and understand stability and strength, etc., teachers In this series of executive activities in this module teaching, the teacher's effective teaching strategy is the specific embodiment of teachers' teaching wisdom. 3. Select teaching method according to teaching content
In order to complete a teaching task in the module content, there is a need to adopt a certain approach and means of teaching, these methods and means varies from content, vary from students to the form of teaching activities. Advocating the teacher according to the specific content and knowledge characteristics of the module, diversify the teaching method, statement of knowledge can adopt methods, show, demonstrate, etc. For programmatic knowledge, the task solve, dialogue, discussion, and autonomous teaching methods can be used. Equisical, such as teaching "reading flow chart", can focus on discussion, situational dialogue, etc.
An important learning feature of this module is to learn knowledge in the use of knowledge and practice. It should run through the whole process of teaching, and the technical design knowledge that does not use it will be greatly reduced, and I hope that in a structural trial teaching. The teaching process of teachers is manifested as only the principles and theories of trials until the end of the class, and students cannot master it.
Teachers should also pay attention to the guidance of students' learning methods. In the technical design process of students, they promote self-study methods, explore, and cooperate.
4, multi-angle implementation teaching evaluation
In this module teaching, students 'self-evaluation, classmates and teachers evaluation, process evaluation, termination evaluation, etc. are important, and the appropriate evaluation will become a catalyst incentives for students' technology. It can also become the success or failure of teachers. One mirror. The learning process and works of the students' technology design and the work of the technical study file can be embodied in the evaluation subjects corresponding to the teaching objectives, and the evaluation methods are diversified.
