Section III Social Demand Analysis of High School Technical Course
Human enters the 21st century, the knowledge economy will become the mainstream of the global economic development and will profoundly change people's production and lifestyle. The development of knowledge economy depends on science and technology, and the development of science and technology depends on education because education provides the basis of talents, human resources and knowledge innovation. In the case where my country's increasing area has basically popularized nine-year compulsory education and eliminating youth illiterate, my country's economic structure strategic adjustment and industrial structure adjustment will put higher and broader requirements for the education of ordinary high school stages. And more urgent reform tasks.
The education reform of the general high school is the reform of the curriculum system. In the context of social, science and technology, economic and educational development, effectively promote the reform of ordinary high school education, construct high school education curriculum system for the development of times of development and quality education, can reasonably set technical education courses is indispensable.
I. Modern social citizens and qualified workers need to have good technical literacy and adaptation technologies to continuously update changes.
Science and technology in today's world, not only go deep into the fields of human production, but also extends to human life and leisure. In modern society, even in terms of daily clothes, food, living, and health care, etc., it will be inseparable from the continuous renewable technical products. The reproduction of technological development is different, requiring modern social citizens must have the most basic technical literacy (such as simple design, can take correct attitudes to technical issues, will use and maintain home appliances and safe use of various new technical products.). The production, life and learning of modern society do not pay attention to the use of new technologies. It can be said that no new technologies will not work properly and work.
On the other hand, the leading role of the knowledge economy has deepened the relationship between each production factor. Now, whether it is capital or labor, leaving the combination with knowledge and technical factors, it has not been able to generate independently. It is more clearly seen that if the product of the production department improves the technical added value, it will increase its technical content, which will make the product have advanced nature and tip, and can bring considerable economic benefits. This kind of knowledge economy in technological innovation is key links, bringing a relatively serious challenge to the country, enterprises and individual. The country does not develop high-tech industry will fall into trouble, and companies will not adopt new technologies will face bankruptcy, and individuals will not be able to be "laid". This modern society that is greatly influenced by science and technology, requiring qualified citizens and workers to have good technical literacy and capacity to adapt to technologies in work.
The means of cultivating people in modern schools is mainly implemented by the course. Therefore, in order to enable the current general high school curriculum, the course objectives, content design, etc. can comply with social, science and technology and economic development on qualified citizens and laborer's good technical qualifications, and the reform of the general high school curriculum system for the new century will inevitably Studies how to design technical courses, how to choose the appropriate teaching content, teaching methods and evaluation methods, and how to take effective measures and methods to complete the cultivation of high school students, so that they have a good technical task.
Second, after joining the WTO, my country's education is facing new issues that must improve the technical quality and technological innovation capabilities of workers as soon as possible.
As economic globalization and my country's accession to WTO, my country's industrial structure adjustment and economic development will face new issues that must improve the technical quality of workers as soon as possible. Because my country has a variety of economic coexistence of agricultural economy, industrial economy, and in the sprout-state knowledge economy, whether it is developing high-tech industries, but also using high-tech renovation of traditional industries, if there is no comprehensive improvement in national qualities, especially workers Comprehensive improvement in technical quality and a variety of levels, a reasonable reserve and configuration of technical personnel resources in various types of high-tech quality engineering, and it is impossible to achieve the adjustment and leap-forward development of industrial structure.
We should be soberly recognized that my country's existing economic growth mode is extensive, economic structure, especially the industrial structure is unreasonable, and its root cause is mainly low in technical level. In the industrial structure, the traditional industry, low-tech levels are dominated; high-tech content, high-tech added value and new varieties have less products, and such products are mainly relying on imports; and low-tech content, low-tech added value The general product is relatively surplus. For example, my country's steel production is the first, and high quality steel only accounts for only 20%, and it is necessary to import high value-added special steels more than 10 million tons. Like high-tech biomaterials and high-tech medical devices such as artificial liver, bone repair materials, renal dialyzers, cardiovascular repair materials, 70% to 80% per year, are imported from abroad. my country's high-tech in important industries, there is still a phenomenon of energy consumption, high waste, waste and pollution, low labor productivity, high product cost and non-product quality. In addition, it is reported that in about 70 million industrial workers across the country, senior workers account for 3.5%, which is far from the proportion of more than 40% of the advanced work of developed countries. The technicians and senior technicians in my country's enterprises and service industries are more phoenix, only more than 1 million. Therefore, currently, my country's labor-based employment issues not only face the contradiction between the total amount, but also facing structural contradictions. On the other hand, it is difficult to laid off employment without technical expertise, and the other side is the shortage of high-grade blue collar in the enterprise. my country 's economic development urgently needs a large number of composite high-quality technological workers. According to the survey of the National CNC System Engineering Technology Research Center in Hubei, only more than 600,000 people in the country. Nowadays, there are only 70% of my country's enterprise products, and bad products have to cause nearly 200 million yuan of economic losses every year. my country's industrial structure is unreasonable, low industrial technology, reflecting the low technical quality of Chinese workers, especially the overall quality and technological innovation. These realities require we fully understand, analyze and reflect on the underlying education curriculum; at the same time, in the construction of new curriculum systems, it is necessary to pay attention to this bad status and take effectively feasible measures to solve the raising national workers as soon as possible. An important issue for technical quality. Representatives in the era of knowledge economy are high-tech industries. The production of social products has been developed to develop, and there are many production links, but there are high-tech content in all aspects, but there are high and low technologies in key links. Who can grasp the key links with high technical content, who can master the lifeline of product innovation. In production, you must have a key link with high technical content, you must have technological innovation awareness and technological innovation capabilities. In fact, today's concern concerns focus is not only scientific research capabilities, but also more concerned about technological innovation. Because knowledge innovation should be converted to real productivity by technological innovation as an intermediary. A country or a company has only technical innovation capabilities, in order to be in advanced race in international competition in economic globalization (according to the "International Science and Technology Competitive Rankings" announced by the 2000 Annual 2000 Year of the Laosan International Management, China, my country's technology Leading levels in the world's 53 countries). According to a survey in the Chinese Academy of Engineering, my country's engineering and technical personnel currently have a strong basic knowledge and professional theory, but there is also a big gap in the requirements of innovative spirit and overall quality. Because of its quality of innovation capabilities, innovative goals and innovative talents (unparalleled, perseverance, practical ability, etc.), there is less original innovation, especially market demand analysis capabilities, especially market demand analysis , Creativity and planning capabilities, hands-on practical ability, language expression ability and anti-frustration ability need to be strengthened.
In view of this actual national condition, my country's industry structure adjustment and economic construction, not only urgently needed technology, high-level management talents and technical professionals with good overall quality, and more need to have a large number of innovative spirit and good technical literacy All kinds of technical workers and technological farmers at all levels. However, such talent resources cannot form in a short period of time, but must start from basic education for students' life development. Therefore, in a new round of curriculum reform, we must re-examine the curriculum structure and course content in basic education in a new perspective, and we must pay attention to and open technology courses that can develop students' comprehensive quality, technological innovation awareness and technological innovation. It is unquestionable that our basic education can serve as the foundation for students to develop a lifetime development, and cultivate a variety of innovative talents at all levels with high-quality and technological innovation capabilities. However, we only have the truly understanding of UNESCO has repeatedly proposed: "Modern Science and Technology and its role in social development have determined that technical education has become an indispensable part of modern basic education", can we The technical courses are set up in general high schools; at the same time, only the technical courses are closely contacted with the actual national conditions of our country, in order to make them new connotation and vitality, it can make it contribute to my country's basic education curriculum reforms continue to develop forward. Third, the development of talent structure, employment structure and education structure requires a technical course for ordinary high schools
As we all know, there is a long-term idea of contemporary visual-agricultural production technology in history, and this backward traditional concept is still "test education" such as "only book only", "learning and excellent". The concept still affects the promotion and employment of students in our country. Therefore, the macro structure of current talent resources in my country still has a unreasonable situation. This is mainly manifested in: First, the industry layout is unreasonable; the second is the region, all the distribution of talents is unreasonable; the third is unreasonable professional structure. According to the survey, now only education, health, economics, accounting for these four types of professional technicians account for 70% of the total number of professional and technical personnel, and in engineering technology, such as information communication technology, new materials, new energy, biotechnology, Engineering and technical personnel such as modern medicine, environmental protection, especially the innovative type of high-tech, and the composite talent has an integral shortage ("seeking" 2001 No. 21, P54). Therefore, after joining the WTO, my country has new problems that have not adapted to the demand requirements of new situation structures in our country. Its performance is: some traditional industries, industry staff have lost their jobs, while others are difficult to develop in the world due to lack of talents.椐 Survey, my country's senior technical workers and senior engineering technicians have failed. This situation is unreasonable in the overall structure of human resources, which has obviously not adapted to the urgent requirements of my country 's industrial structure adjustment, technology upgrade and the reform and development of state - owned enterprises.
Ordinary high school is a higher level of basic education. At this stage, every student is facing the career choice of life and the final development of a higher level of education. In response to the actual situation of my country's talents and employment structures, a variety of general high school technologies related to emerging projects and modern vocational technologies can be opened in a timely manner, which can lead people to actively change the backwardness of perseverance and agricultural production technology, which is conducive to students. Employment and entrepreneurial education, which is conducive to launching a broad foundation for students' future survival and development, and is very beneficial to the structural shortage of structural shortage of economic construction. Obviously, the technical education curriculum system in the reform of the general high school education, which is the need for my country's economic development, industrial structure adjustment, technical upgrade, and the development of talent and employment structure.
In addition, according to the survey, in recent years, the development of ordinary high schools is in the professional high school, why? Because people generally believe that the learning foundation of ordinary high school graduates is relatively thick, solid, potential, and easy to transition than occupational high school students. Moreover, the development of higher vocational education in the "Decision" of the National Education Work Conference in 1999 was important. As of the end of 2001, higher vocational colleges and colleges in my country have reached 1314, accounting for 68% of the total number of higher colleges, and the higher vocational colleges increased to 6.3974 million students, accounting for the total number of colleges and universities. 54% (January 2003, "China Education News"). my country's higher vocational education has become a half-Wanjiang Mountain in my country's higher education. The vigorous development of higher vocational education has broadening the roads of high school and professional high schools, and the road to the development and further development is also for my country "to create a high-quality worker and millions of special talents and one. A large number of top-notch innovation talents have established a certain routine cultivation channel. It turns out that in my country to build a "overpass" of talents growth, it is also necessary to develop higher vocational education like most countries in the world.椐 Relevant departments predict that by 2005, 50% of my country's higher education schools will be students in higher vocational students. In addition, the talent training model of the higher education in higher vocational education in my country also emphasizes: to cultivate high-tech applicative specialized talents that adapt to production, construction, management, service, to adapt to social needs, and cultivate technology The application capability is the main line to increase the proportion of practical teaching in the teaching plan, and cultivate students' technical application capabilities as the main purpose. Obviously, to develop higher vocational education more effectively, it is necessary to support the education and teaching reform of the general high school and the reform needs of higher vocational education; and the urgency is to properly link in the ordinary high school curriculum reform. Technical courses.
In short, the reform of my country's higher education structure, the development of higher vocational education, will inevitably require a reasonable technical course in general high school. Because high school technological courses have the basic, versatility, comprehensive and practicality, and after effectively enhance their diversity and selectivity, you can upgrade to higher vocational and technical schools or enter the society for more high school students. Entrepreneurship, lay a broader and solid foundation.
In addition, according to the university teacher, the newborn, the experimental power, the power, and the technical application capabilities of the universities are generally poor. This is very disadvantageous for high-level talents with technological innovation capabilities. Therefore, many college teachers have suggested that in addition to strengthening the experimental teaching and other experimental teaching in high school education, it should also increase the application and comprehensive technical practical courses in general high schools. In this way, it is possible to cultivate the work practices and technical application capabilities of high school students. It is also conducive to the continued departure of them, workers, agriculture, and medical colleges, and contribute to increase their graduation. The adaptability of modern society in his career is more beneficial to cultivate high-quality innovative talents with innovative spirit and creative practical ability.
In summary, the development of society, science and technology, economy and education urgently requires the strengthening of technical education in the reform of basic education, and opening technical courses. This requirement is not only the needs of social development, scientific and technological development and economic development, but also the needs of students' lifetime development, and it is also the need of sustainable development of human society.
