"Modern Logistics Technology" learning notes
1. Logistics technology 2. Transportation technology 3. Loading and unloading technology 4. Warehousing technology 5. Packaging and assembly technology 6. Distribution technology 7. Logistics management technology 8. Logistics information technology
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Introduction to logistics technology
Science and technology are two different categories. Science is a summary of knowledge system and understanding activities, technology is a variety of means taken by human engagement, but both complement each other. Logistics science is a discipline studying logistics process regularity and logistics management methods, and logistics technology refers to the theory, methods, and facilities, methods, and facilities of the natural science and social sciences used in logistics activities. Logistics technology is not an independent new technology, but a comprehensive application of various technologies in the field of logistics. In a sense, it is both an application technology and has the nature of development technology. Logistics technology is classified according to technical form, can be divided into logistics hard technology and logistics soft technology; according to technical sources or scientific principles, it can be divided into logistics mechanical technology, logistics and electronic technology, logistics information technology, logistics self-control technology, logistics computer technology and mathematics. Method, etc. With the rapid development of the logistics industry, modern logistics technology is developing to integration, automation, efficiency, intelligence, manification, virtualization, green, flexible 4, and standardization.
2. Transportation Technology
The function of transportation is to spattern the use value of the product, and the logistics system rely on the transport operation to overcome the spatial distance between the product production and needs to create the time and space benefits of the goods. Transport is the core of the logistics system. Logistics transportation technologies mainly include transportation tools, facilities and operational skills, transport management techniques, etc. of various modes of transportation. Highway transportation facilities and tools mainly refer to highway lines, highway station and hubs and main carrying tools - car iron transport facilities and transportation tools mainly include railway lines, railway station and hubs, railway signals and communication equipment and railway locomotives. Infrastructure transported with vehicle vehicles is the port and channel, transportation tools and equipment are ships and loading and unloading machines. With the rapid development of marine container transportation, container special terminals, container loading and unloading machinery, and container ships are increasingly becoming ambient facilities, equipment and tools, equipment and equipment are ships and loading and unloading machinery transport facilities and tools mainly refer to airport and Aircraft. Because air cargo transportation is almost all in the form of container transportation, aviation container equipment is also the main equipment for aviation transport; the pipeline transport facilities have mainly long-range oil pipelines, natural gas pipelines and slurry pipes.
3. Delive and unloading
The loading and shipment has an important position in the logistics process, which is an important part of affecting logistics efficiency and determines the economic effect of logistics technology. The loading and unloading can be divided into a variety of forms, rationalized loading and unloading must eliminate multiple requirements such as unloading and handling, improve handling flexibility. Choosing the right handling and handling device or device system to follow certain steps and principles. The loading and unloading of the packaged goods can be used to use cranes, forklifts and handling vehicles and continuous handling machines; container cargo loading and unloading mainly has shore loading and unloading machinery, horizontal transportation machinery, venue loading and unloading machine, and its pier has mainly chassis method, Transmit car mode, tire type gantry lifting method, rail-type gantry lifting method, front lifting machine method, cross-transport vehicle - gantry hanging method; bulk cargo loading and unloading can be used with belt conveyor, burying board conveyor , Pneumatic delivery system, spiral conveyor and bucket hoisting machine, etc.
4. Warehousing technology
The warehousing is a very important component of the logistics process, but also basic guarantees that ensure logistics activities can be successfully carried out. The quality and efficiency of the warehousing directly determines whether the subsequent service can be completed. The warehouse features include a series of activities that are required to store, manage, keep, maintenance, maintenance, etc. of goods entering the logistics system. Storage equipment includes warehouses, shelves, and various types of loading and unloading and transportation machinery. The warehouse is a storage, storage of buildings and venues, is the main workplace of the warehouse operation process. Automated stereo warehouse uses several layers, ten layers and even tens of high shelf storage unit cargo, and use corresponding material handling equipment to store and outbound operation, the entire warehouse operation is controlled and supported by computer, and The computer system is managed, which is a high-tech high-rise shelf warehouse and a very important warehouse form in the modern logistics process. With the development of the economy, the logistics is subjected to a small variety, a large amount of logistics enters a variety of varieties, small batches or many batches, small batch logistics age, warehouse functions from paying attention to the efficiency of custody, and pays smooth delivery and distribution operations. In reasonable storage, efficient use is the purpose of its purpose, not to ensure the implementation of the cargo storage function, and the efficient picking and quick use of the goods are provided during the transportation of the goods. Warehouse management is no longer a simple look at the cargo, metering and entering the library data, has developed into a scientific management method using a scientific management method using modern management technology. ABC analysis is a method that companies generally adopted in order to improve benefits. It is based on the main features of techniques or economies, and distinguishes the management methods in terms of classifying the main features of techniques or economies. 5. Packaging and assembly technology
Packaging is an indispensable link in modern logistics. It is a work that protects products in the circulation process, facilitating storage, promoting sales, and uses containers, materials and accessories, etc., according to certain technical methods, etc. . There are many classification methods for packaging, and the most common can be divided into commercial packaging and transport packaging. A good packaging has the ability to protect goods, facilitate logistics, promote sales, and facilitate consumption. With the continuous development of packaging technology, there have been a variety of packaging materials and packaging containers, different materials and containers have different characteristics, which are used in different occasions. The most commonly used packaging materials include paper and paper products, plastics and plastic products, wood and wood products, metal, glass, ceramics, and some composites. Common packaging containers include packaging bags, packaging boxes, packments. Common packaging machines are filled with machinery, liquid filling machines, boxers and multi-purpose machinery. The trend of packaging machinery development is to develop to mechanical functions, design standardization, modular, and high-tech content. In order to adapt to the special requirements of various products in the logistics process, some special packaging technologies are required. The collection packaging is referred to as container, also known as group packaging or container unitization, is to effectively carry out loading, handling, storage and mechanical operation, combining several items or bulk goods, with a certain technical measures to form a size specification, weight A closestone of large standardized compositions. Collecting packaging has several typical ways, mainly to refer to pallets and container bags. Today, in today's rapid development, packaging is rationalization, packaging standardization and green packaging will become an important part of modern packaging.
6. Distribution technology
The distribution refers to, according to user requirements, in accordance with user requirements, pick, processing, packaging, segmentation, group distribution, processing, processing, packaging, segmentation, etc. Logistics activities. Distribution is the end of the entire logistics process, and vehicle delivery is the ultimate and most specific service characterization of logistics center operations. Now, the universal indicators evaluated to the distribution service are sometimes efficient, reliability, convenience and economy. Delivery is a function of derived from the transportation link in the logistics system, which is a short distance transport. It is a special, integrated form of activity in logistics, is closely combined with business flow and logistics, including business activities, and also includes a form of several functional elements in logistics. Delivery is perfect for transport and the entire logistics system. The distribution process is the basic content of the system management to complete the distribution organization that the delivery center must formulate in order to complete the delivery task. Develop and select a scientific distribution process, which has an important role in the planning, distribution facilities, distribution equipment selection, distribution lines, and improve delivery efficiency. The generally complete accompanying process is made of spare, storage, sorting and distribution, fitting, delivery, delivery, etc. The purpose of the distribution organization is to complete the entire distribution activity in order to organically combine all aspects of the distribution process. Many factors have an impact on the distribution activity during the distribution organization. Since the distribution organization is short in advance, in order to save time, the activities of the distribution organization will usually only regulate. 7. Logistics management technology
From the 1940s ordering point, I have experienced the MRP of the 1960s, the closed-loop MRP in the 1970s, the 80s MRPII, DRP, DRPII until today's Fa Xing's ERP, LRP, people get more and more recognize the process for the process The importance of control has gradually placed the system that is isolated in a society and production environment. Ordering point method is a gradual decrease in some kind of material or product, due to production or sales, to the stock of a predetermined point, that is, the order (purchasing order or processing order) begins to supplement In stock, until the inventory is reduced to safety inventory, the materials (products) ordered by the orders are just arrived at the warehouse, supplement the consumption of the previous period, and the number of points of this order is called the order point. Ordering point method is also known as safety inventory. It is called the order advance period from the order single to the goods. Material demand plans, referred to as MRP, refers to the plan for the demand and demand time of various materials constituting products in product production. Materials in the material demand plan refers to all items constituting the product, including components, parts, outer purchases, standard parts, and blanks and materials used in manufacturing parts. ERP is integrated integrated management of all resources, simply, is the management information system of three streams: logistics, capital flow, and information flow. It is not only available for production companies, but also in many other types of companies such as non-production, public welfare business can also import ERP systems for resource programs and management. ERP's functionality is mainly four major aspects of enterprise management: financial management (accounting, financial management), production control management (planning, manufacturing), logistics management (distribution, procurement, inventory management) and human resource management. ERP is a logistics technology in the circulation field. It is a plan method that guarantees both market needs and makes the logistics resource allocation cost. It is the use of MRP principles and methods in the distribution network. Inventory for planning and management. DistributionResource Planning, is referred to as DRPII, is a management mode in an enterprise distribution plan system. It is based on the DRP to improve the logistics capabilities of each link and achieve the purpose of system optimization operation. On the basis of management of stocks and sales orders on the distribution chain, the extension features of financial management, customer relationship management, logistics management, etc. are also joined. LRP is based on logistics, breaking production and circulation boundaries, integrated manufacturing resource programs, distribution, requires privilege optimization configuration methods. It is an integrated application of MRP and DRP based on MRP and DRP. 8. Logistics Information Technology
GPS is mainly used in logistics for vehicle tracking and vehicle navigation, navigation navigation, aviation navigation, railway transportation management and military logistics. Logistics information technology is one of the fields of logistics modernization. The application of computer network technology has enabled logistics information technology to achieve new levels, and logistics information technology is an important symbol of logistics modernization. Bar code technology is widely used in sales information systems, warehouse management, and sorting and distribution systems. Electronic data exchange refers to data exchange and automatic processing between the trade partner's electronic computer system according to the same set of general standard formats. Three elements constituting the EDI system are EDI software and hardware, communication networks, and data formats. The geographic information system is a variety of disciplines, and is a computer technology system for geographic research and geographic decision-making services. GIS is applied to logistics analysis, mainly to improve logistics analysis technology using GIS powerful geographic data function. Global Satellite Positioning System GPS is a system for accurately determined ground targets using multiple satellites distributed in about 20,000 kilometers of high altitude to position and navigate. GPS consists of spatial part, ground part and signal part. GPS is mainly used in the logistics industry to carry out sea, empty and land navigation.
