In the past few days, I saw this article on Yphawk columns, I am very interested, and I will try it out, so I will come over this article.
There are also some useful comments behind the article
Design and Implementation of General Subgraduation Management Information System in Colleges and Universities
See http://www.gzit.edu.cn/gut/magazine/xb991/99xb1-4/99xb14-5.html
Summary Based on the analysis of some of the previous course software, a universal course management information system is proposed, and some specific technical issues will be made.
Key words teaching; courses; geograp management system; expert courses
Classification number TP315; TP399: G473.4 Document identification code B
0 Preface
The main task of the course management is to summarize the courses of each department or various teaching departments, and then formulate the class of the school in the school according to the teaching plan or teaching. Due to the number of class counts, there are many courses, and each lesson involves many information, if they are counted by manual, there is inevitable classroom resource conflict or teacher resource conflicts. In order to make the class more accurate, reasonable, fast, high school academic authorities have used computers to make sake management, and have developed some applicable courses software systems. We have found that these software have the following: 1) Per semented courses, teachers, classroom information is relatively fixed, but they cannot be reused; 2) Historical data in each semester cannot be saved, and the teacher is incorporated; 3) The classification system without users is not provided; 4) The automatic scrap speed is slower; 5) The formation of the class is not fixed, increasing the difficulty of printing.
In order to solve these problems, fully use the school's classroom resources, our school's Academic Affairs Office decided to develop the course management system software (PKMIS), the system has been successful and put into use, providing great convenience for teaching management in the Academic Affairs Office. .
1 database structure
There are many databases used by this software, and both attributes "useestatus" and "DM" are added in each database. "USSTATUS" is used to describe whether the record is used by other databases, if used, the attribute value is logical, is disabled when performing a record deletion operation. The "DM" property saves the code of the Chinese character information, reducing the workload of the subsequent information, and the following introduces several major databases.
Class.dbf is a document describing class information (ie, class number, class name, code, student number, special classroom). The number of students determines the classroom type used during the course.
The classroom database (Room.dbf) describes the information about the classroom, namely the classroom number, classroom name, classroom location, accommodation, classroom function, etc.
Teacher database (Tech.dbf) describes the teacher number, teacher name, code, title, age, working time, usage status, etc., which consists of teaching section (4) and serial number (2).
The course database (kck.dbf) information is composed of a course number, a course name, a code, a referred to as, a number of times, credits, and subsequent, use states such as use.
The course application library (PKDB.DBF) structure consists of applications, class numbers, courses, subject numbers, time, experimental, periodical, start cycle, designated classroom, use state, etc., this database is the most The important course management database is the basis for generating the curriculum database.
Other databases are limited to the space, which is not introduced here.
2 system function and module structure
1. Initialization Management: This feature can load some information on the last curriculum (such as teacher information, classroom information, class information, etc.), saving the time of repeated input.
2. Auxiliary Data Management: This feature can combine conditional query, fuzzy input, delete, modification, printing, etc.
3. Sub-class management: Sub-class management is divided into scratch data management, according to class, teachers or classrooms, automatic courses, etc. 4. Class Management: This feature can be printed, inquiry or save the class lesson (general curriculum, the course form, etc.), the teacher's currica (teaching task book), the classroom arrangement, a certain day, a certain course, etc.
5. Workload management: In order to facilitate the total workload of the teacher, the total workload of the teacher and the issuance of class, it is recommended to increase this feature. Workload management personnel can enter the calculation formula, the computer automatically generates workload according to the formula (teacher workload, total workload amount), and prints, query the workload.
6. System Function Management: This feature can back up / recovery data, index maintenance of the database, perform user settings (setting user settings, such as query rights, clams, etc.).
The overall configuration of the system is shown in Figure 1:
Figure 1 System of system management information system
3 Some considerations for universal system design
1. Entering and registration of the system
The system requires the user to enter the username and password at startup, and PKMIS allows the user to enter three times, and it is not correct three times to determine the illegal user, and forcibly exit the system. The functions and privileges used by each user are subject to the corresponding restriction.
2. Data backup and recovery
In order to prevent data loss from accidents, the database files must be often backed up to restore the status of the previously operated operation when data is corrupted.
3. User rights management
PKMIS can be used for tutorial administrators, academics, departmental, general teachers, etc., therefore provides user grading management functions, so that different users have different permissions.
4. Database sharing
PKMIS can be used simultaneously on Novell's online, so PKMIS provides protection for shared databases, and when a user modifies a record, reject another user as the same operation.
5. Machine record management
In order to check the user's use of software, understand the software usage, PKMIS is available upon record management to register the username of the machine, the machine, start time, termination time, and the functions used.
Some problems in the 4-course function
The course management function is the difficult point of PKMIS design. It not only takes into account the classroom conflict problems and teachers' conflict, but also considers the resource utilization of the segmentation class. In addition, due to the teaching characteristics of universities, special courses such as foreign language class, sports class, group class and elective courses are also dealt. PKMIS for these issues, specializing in database design and programs, but may have some problems need further research and improvement due to short development cycles of this software.
PKMIS also sets an expert courseway that can be automatically counted according to the course strategy given in advance, and the speed is faster. In order to achieve expert courseway, each node of two stacks S1 and S2, S1 is set, and a certain lesson that has been ranked in the course and the course, S2 saves the courses and certain classes of the course. The specific curriculum algorithm is shown in Figure 2: Figure 2 Expert Courses Algorithm
5 Conclusion
PKMis uses FoxPro database management system programming, completed in December 1996, and running normally in our school. PKMIS is simple, stable, fault tolerant, and the generated class is fast, accurate, reliable, and can provide various relevant courses, teachers, classrooms and other reports to the academic authorities. Compared with similar software, PKMIS has some features:
1. Functional integration, all management (increasing, deletion, etc.) of PKMIS are set in a unified interface.
2. Simplified use, simple, unified in PKMIS.
3. The query is integrated, and all the query fields are displayed in the window. Simply enter the query value at the corresponding set of query to combine the specified field.
4. Enter intelligence, PKMIS can be entered in accordance with code, information clip, etc. when the courses apply, and do not need to enter a lot of information. You can also select the appropriate information directly to the specified location in the pop-up window. There are two flowcharts, not shown!
(1) Establish the necessary documentation: All class courses and task allocation (name, nature, time, credits, teaching teachers and courses), classroom resources (number, capacity, location, whether or less class or a class) Wait. (2) Basic conditions: teachers have no conflict, the classroom has no conflict, and the students have no conflict. (3) Optimization conditions: The courses in Zhou Xue are uniform (all over the day) in the week, the master discharge class is waiting in the afternoon, the same class class, the classroom, the same building, take care of teachers or courses special requirements. . 1. For a class, the course is reasonable, this everyone is clear, no one likes the main lesson of the previous morning, for a teacher, do not have a curriculum conflict. After all, the teacher is divorced, and it can't be present in the class A. 3. For a teacher, it is not possible to have high-intensity labor. For example, today's 8 classes, the next day, as long as the class is too unreasonable. Basically, these are the most important, and also considering that on Friday, how to arrange such problems (especially for school students, this problem is very sensitive.) To know, the ruling system has always been software development A classic problem in the middle, there is no perfect solution now. In addition, how can discrete mathematics say and have no relationships? Two-forked trees, graphs, and priority queues are discrete mathematics. The recursive algorithm is used to use the recursive algorithm, and the complexity analysis of the granted algorithm is used to use mathematical analysis. Corporate, artificial intelligence to use wavelet analysis and calculus, multimedia should be used in the current number, calculus, number theory, etc., network communication should be used to use the requirements of Fourier transform, wavelet analysis, mathematical analysis. There is a topological relationship between the doors, and some class must be on other lessons. For example, the physics system should be class before the theoretical physical course. Because theoretical physics requires knowledge of mathematical analysis. Such a chart is constituted between the elements, and the topology can be used to determine the order of the class. 2. Because some courses are a lot of public elections, these classes and class students cannot conflict. For example, Monday morning, the first class is an electronic system and a computer system, a Marxist philosophy of Marxism, so on the first lesson in Monday, the first class cannot be an electronic system and computer system. 3. Students can not be too far from the two-course classrooms in the two lessons within one day, at least to ensure that they are in the same building. If the first lesson in the morning is on the 10th floor of the South Building, the second lesson is on the 10th floor of the North Building. The students will definitely have opinions; 4. A student's daily courses should be in the art, if the lesson of the four-way diagnosis in the morning is mathematical analysis, calculus; the afternoon is linear algebra, the number of logic, students can't stand (if it is the mathematics, this can be Allow, but if it is a computer system, students must have opinion); 5. Students in the same department should be as scheduled to be in class in the same classroom. For example, Ma Zhe has two classes, there is a computer system, the electronics, physics department, should try to make the computer department first full of classes, and a class is really can't put down to other classes. 6. Professional courses should be as close as possible to the public elective class conflict. Many schools have public election classes, such as paper-cut, calligraphy, Chinese revolutionary history, etc. If these publicors and classics have conflict, they will only cause more students to escape; 7. Experimental courses should be arranged in the afternoon.
