Abstract: This paper mainly analyzes some misunderstandings in government information construction, some rational recommendations, as well as forward-looking information construction ideas. The aim is to further promote the government's information construction process, effectively use the government's internal and external resources, connect certain areas, and even the corresponding departments of the committees, make information, knowledge, manpower, and innovative methods, management systems, Management methods, management philosophy and other resources are truly shared, improving the efficiency and management level, improves and improves service functions.
I. Introduction
In the era of knowledge economy, the level of informationization has become an important symbol of a country's modern level and comprehensive national strength. However, in the construction of national information systems, government informationization is the key to the entire information. Overall, my country's government information construction, 90% is in the shelving state, mostly the image engineering, and the real and small. The reason is that too many software is only to solve the surface of the government, and there is no close combination with the business of the entire committee of the government. When the information software selection is only paying attention to the big software company, not paying attention to software companies, leading to Repeated failure of construction. Even because the misunderstandings of government information construction in understanding, the government's target offset, decision-making mistakes.
Beijing is committed to the development of software core technologies and specialization, based on the deep understanding of government information construction, with "the ability to form core technology", quickly carry out technical high integration and integration, the product is mature The degree and professional application are closely integrated, and according to the business needs of the committee and the integration of modern management ideas and methods, many industries such as e-government, "digital cities", planning, land, statistics, and water conservancy have successfully carried out multiple information. The implementation of organizational and demonstration projects of construction feasibility programs has gradually become a professional enterprise in the information construction of government.
In order to further advance the government information construction process, according to Beijing Rationality is a forward-looking understanding of government information construction, and the successful implementation of people's successful implementation of government information construction has been made, the following science is done. Sex analysis.
Second, the problem analysis
1. Do you need a summary consideration before the information work?
The project has been statistically statistically, and the projects in the government management information system project account for 90% of all informationization projects. You may think that this digital is alarmist, but think about it, the cases that failure around me are definitely not a few.
After a large number of research and analysis, we believe that the main reason for this situation is due to the era of the entire society, there are too many factors! Previously, when I was working in information, I always had medical treatment. I found that the system could not be applied. It is not a repair supplement. It is another new system to develop a new system. However, these systems often have many data in practical applications that need to be integrated, causing multiple information or islands, and block segmentation. This not only causes multiple system maintenance difficulties, not only the information resources that need to be used cannot be integrated, which must not only improve work efficiency, but also to bring hidden dangers in future work.
Beijing is giving you a recommendation: When conducting information construction, you must first consider the overall situation. To clear the current needs, find the most difficult problem; secondly from the functions, there is strength, experienced partner help Global planning is performed, and then the distribution is performed in accordance with the extent of planning content and demand.
2. What is the R & D positioning of the correctional government information related information system?
R & D positioning of the correctional government informationization related information system is closely surrounded:
(1) Comprehensive technology supports the whole process of the overall government informationization.
(2) Detailed analysis of professional needs.
(3) Productization, componentization and modularization.
(4) With flexibility and user-control as the core, it is possible to meet the function, business, and personnel of government departments.
At present, the governments at all levels face the changes in institutional functions, business, personnel. Beijing is a group of experts who have a batch of ripe management, and thoroughly study the political management of government departments at all levels. The development positioning of correct software is completely from the changes in management functions, therefore, targeted, adaptability, and openness, not only meets the needs of current management functions, but also adapts to various changes in future. Any industry management department is manifested on "job", "can" combine, 即 duty (gang) position and work. "Function" is a dynamic change, institutional reform, personnel change, business reconstruction, will immediately affect the changes in functions. R & D positioning of the correctional government information related information system, including user demand analysis, is to clearly understand the functions of management functions and variations, and technically supported by software.
3, many developers are emphasizing the importance of the platform, facing how many platform products in the market, how to choose?
The platforms in the e-government market are mainly two major categories of management information system platforms and geographic information system platforms. When choosing, we must focus on the following questions:
(1) Services: Many platform manufacturers, especially foreign platform manufacturers, generally set a small amount of agents in China (some are still far in Hong Kong, Taiwan), only responsible for daily sales, etc. It is not necessary to say a personalized professional service. Sometimes, a small problem is also sent to the foreign research and development base to deal with.
(2) The application is the application: the user invested a large number of human material for information construction, the application, and the application is "mainly". " Selecting a platform that is very famous, the price is expensive, is often unable to produce a good application system. Many management software (platforms) often emphasize their "mature", "general", "two development", which is not willing to adjust and improve the characteristics of specific users, and even feel that the user's user's quality is too low, request Unreasonable, "difficult to wait". The actual situation in my country has shown that some software bought is not large, and even the entire project is stranded after being stranded; but some software that spends much money, after the digestion, absorption and second development of both sides, A good application effect has been produced.
(3) High-capacity: The system should truly achieve the effect, it should have high performance, pay trial, the better, the more exceeds the more excellence. If the performance load, targeted, there is no actual operation habit of users, and the user feels difficult to adapt and accept, so that it is impossible to produce a good implementation.
(4) About .NET, J2EE: On the development tool, Microsoft's .NET and Sun's J2EE battle can be described as a long time, and the views of all parties can be said to be benevolent. .NET and J2EE have excellent / disadvantages, but if we really jump out of the battle, we can draw this conclusion: I will throw away the specific environment, talking is not good, and the key points should be considered is user professional needs. need.
4. Is the geographic information system application and the geographic information system platform?
The difference between the application of geographic information system and the geographic information system platform:
In terms of research, geographic information system applications include two situations. First, business data uses the GIS system to perform; Second, on the basis of GIS, provide dedicated geographic information system software through secondary development.
In terms of practice, geographic information system applications mainly take into account the actual effects of effects and data flexible and real-time update, can solve the problem for the committee of the committee, adapt to changes in the management functions and business requirements of the committee , Integrating advanced management ideas, management means and management methods.
The Geographic Information System Platform is a development technology tool that requires the development of intermediate software developers to experience techniques, and then eat more demand. The core is that developers understand the user's professional needs, so choose a professional software company more important than the selection platform.
5, many developers say that their system is open, then how do we evaluate an openness of a system? Measuring a information system is really good to open, mainly from two levels, the first level is the system level, that is, the system itself flows, form, permission mechanism, database architecture and other technical level evaluation; Mainly the second level - adaptability, that is, the adaptability in practical applications, is expandable for future development. The management information system has a significant feature to have certain customization. In general, customized development is controlled within 20% (up to no more than 30%) is reasonable. However, in the actual environment in the market, there will be the following situation: a company is just a "foundation", other most features, even 100% need to be customized, then this system is definitely immature, un practical, will Having high development costs, potentially greater implementation risk; in turn, if you claim that your product doesn't need to develop, just bring a more approximate case for simple low level "clone", this is like saying Like the medicine "Bao Guan Bai Disease", it must be deceived (or ignorant)!
The "unlimited open" system is not existed, the real open information system, should be "limited open" under the overall frame control of the user management mode, the overall framework of the business characteristics, to maximize the mainstream data format, mainstream software support. An open software platform should also have forward-looking: adapted to institutional reform, management mode, adjustment changes in functional business, is actually the greatest flexibility.
6. What is the integration of management information systems and geographic information systems?
First, from management, the management ideology is infiltrated into the software development, and the management thoughts and management processes in the overall software system are positioned in the overall software system, ensuring the continuity of the whole process of business management, ensuring the various management process The data is reasonably stored in the database, and the simple transfer and visits cannot be seen as each other.
Second, it can achieve spatial data and attribute data, and the comprehensive performance of business data in GIS;
Again, you can achieve the integration of the spatial database (including underlying topographic data, remote sensing image data), business database, administrative office database, etc. In the system building, each database channel has been opened, and each data can be made mutually penetration in management applications, requiring any call and extraction according to business management.
Finally, the data generated by the management process changes in various business and various business links can be updated in time.
That is to say, GIS combined with the management information system is a live GIS, not just a performance result buts the results and processes (such as data, how to save, when to call, what data is called, not only It is a graphic performance on the GIS.
7, what major aspects of the cost of the construction of information systems? How do I have effective cost control for information systems?
The first is the price of the information system itself, and its price is usually composed of the following factors:
Platform Function Module Custom Development Service ( Other)
Information systems require a lot of technical support (service). Since users often lack experience, the implementation of the information system faces huge difficulty and risks, the development side can provide a high-level new service, often determines the success or failure of implementation. This high-level service includes information consulting services - providing expertial experience and suggestions, using less to take less. Such developer and software have been selected, just in the same risk, the risk of failing to minimize failure is the true meaning "cost control", "savings".
At the same time, a good information system should be established above the powerful generalization platform, with a complete functional module, can perform efficient and appropriate custom development, such a cost of itself can effectively control, improve performance price ratio .
Moreover, when considering the cost of informationization system, more consider "full project cost" issues and "full life cycle cost" issues. The "full project cost" problem includes the completion of system construction, supporting related soft / hardware, network environment, investigation, and selection management costs.
"Full life cycle use cost" includes system training cost, adapting cycle cost, maintenance cost, upgrade cost, etc.
8, how to reduce the implementation risk of government information related information systems?
Key elements of reducing the implementation risk of the information system mainly have the following: First, perform the overall planning as described above, avoid walking the old road to ensure that all systems can integrate through the data level; second, partner strength, system maturation High degree; third, the selected system is flexible, and when various administrative functions, personnel relations, institutional reforms are generated, the system provides corresponding tools for adjustment; fourth, users can control existing management information systems To maximize the dependence on the developer; fifth, choose an expert company that can provide implementation of the solution.
In addition to the above key factors, focus on the needs of partners and system implementation capabilities, and follow the domestic IT enterprises, a total of three survival modes.
(1) Pure project, more than 70% of the entire system needs to be developed, which is difficult to consider the whole process of informationization from "zero", which is difficult to consider the whole process of informationization, and customized systems. Such companies must promise to give customers a large number of system maintenance and upgrades, but they are not allowed to pay.
(2) Pure product, commitment products mature to 100% in line with your needs, this is the same as the commitment to the medicine "Bao Guan Bai disease", must be deceived (or ignorant), each unit's specific situation is different Some customization work is inevitable, not only the system is low, but also many implementation work.
(3) Project and product combination, 70% of the system reaches the product-based maturity, 30% of the customized development, that is, to ensure that the userification is high and the project progresses is short, and in accordance with the project mode Corresponding technical support and training.
Third types of companies are undoubtedly the first choice for cooperation, how to choose the service level in these enterprises. You can define the following:
High frequency: a large number of on-site work, frequent communication and communication, may be the on-site service that follows.
High level: may participate in the development of planning, help analyze demand, guiding the implementation process, put forward the recommendations of the existing unreasonable way;
High investment: Due to the above two features, it takes huge manpower, material investment, and if there is no long-term development of the company, the strong technology, capital investment and a high-quality technical support team (and services throughout the country) are guaranteed, It is difficult to fulfill service commitments. Enterprises that are unreasonable, even if it is barely, it is likely to be dragged.
Third, conclude
With the continuous maturity of government information construction, only the generalization of the seriousness will get more and narrower, and the professional application software is the need for real informationization.
