Hair culture brief history (3) Private UNIX era In 1984, AT & T was dissolved, and UNIX officially became a commodity. The HACKER culture was divided into two categories, and a class is concentrated on Internet and Usenet (mainly running UNIX mini computer or workstation, and another type of PC fans, most of them are not connected to the Internet. ※ Translation: Taiwan In front of 1992, players mainly exchange information, but there are regional restrictions, which are also very difficult to develop. SUN has opened another beautiful new world for Hacker. The workstation demand is the high-efficiency drawing and network. In the 1980s, Hacker is committed to writing software, challenging and breakthroughs for workstation, and forces these functions to one hundred and one. Berkeley developed a set of Unix-built-in support from ArpaNet Protocols, so that UNIX can easily connect to the network, the Internet also grows more rapidly. In addition to Berkeley makes UNIX network functions significantly, try to develop a set of graphics interfaces for the workstation. The most famous XWindow is developing MIT. The key to XWindow's success is fully publicly open, showing Hacker consistent style and spreads to the Internet. X successfully kills an example of other commercial graphics interfaces, has a profound inspiration and impact on the development of UNIX after several years. A few ITS dead loyalty is still in arbitrary, until the last ITS in 1990 is always turning into the plane; those dead loyalty is only in the end of the end of the Unix. All of UNIX was split into Berkeleyunix and AT & T major camp. Maybe you have seen some posters at the time, drawing a titanium wing fighter full speed away from an explosion, printed on the dead star of AT & T's trademark. Berkeley UNIX supporters have metapuls that the anti-ruthless corporate empire. In the case of sales, AT & TUNIX has never rushed to BSD / Sun, but it won the war of standards. By 1990, AT & T and BSD versions were difficult to distinguish, because each other has new inventions using each other. With the since the 1990s, the position of the workstation gradually was threatened by new inexpensive high-end PCs, which mainly used Intel80386 series CPU. The first HACKER can buy a powerful computer that is equivalent to a mini computer in ten years, running a complete UNIX, and can easily connect the network. Immersed in the MS-DOS world, the frogs still don't know, from the early days, only a few people are interested in micro-computers. At this time, the number of people playing DOS and Mac has exceeded the so-called "network nation" culture, but They have never been there any climate or what aircraft, although there is a good job, but there is no stable development of unified cultural traditions, the terms dictionary, the legendary story and mythical history. They don't have a real network, can only get together in a small BBS station or some failed network such as Fidonet. Companies that provide Internet services are increasingly booming, and the fact that Non-UNIX operating system is not included in the network, and there is little Source to circulate on the network, and therefore cannot form cooperative development software. atmosphere. The main force of Hacker culture is spread around the Internet, almost tells the culture of UNIX. They don't care about what after-sales service, they want to be better tools, more online time, and a cheap 32-bitpc. The machine is available, you can go online, but where is the software to find? Business Unix is worthy, a set of thousands of oceans ($). In the early 1990s, there were initial companies to transfer AT & T with BSDunix to the PC.
No matter whether it is, the price does not fall, and it is more important to have the original code. You can't also modify it, in line with your needs or share it to others. Traditional commercial software does not really want to give Hacker. Even FREESOFTWAREFOUNDATION (FSF) did not write Hacker's operating system, the RMS promised GNU operating system --Hurd said that it took a long time, until 1996 did not see shadow (although the software in 1990, FSF software is already Perform it in all UNIX platforms). Early free Unix in this empty window, in 1992, a Finnish Helsinkiuniversity Student - LinustorValds started to develop a free software Unix Kernel, using FSF program development tools. He quickly wrote a simple version, throwing it to everyone to share it, attracting a lot of Hacker to help develop Linux-a full-functional UNIX, completely free and accompanied all the original code. The biggest features of Linux are not functional advanced but brand new software development models. Until the success of Linux, everyone believes that such complex software like the operating system, it is possible to work closely with a development team, and coordinate with each other can be written out. The commercial software company and the 1980s FreesoftwareFoundation are in this development model. Linux is very different from the former. At first it was a large group of Hacker coated together on the web. There is no strict quality control and high-level decision development policy, relying on weekly issued a new version for everyone to download test, the tester will put BUG and PATCH to the network to improve the next version. A brand new product selection, to the rapid development model of Railu Case. Let the guys are dumbfound, the Dong Xiu is remembered, the Linux runs out. At the end of 1993, Linux development tends to be mature and stable, and the commercial application software is gradually ported to Linux with high UNIX. However, small UNIX manufacturers are also closed because of Linux's emergence - because no one wants to buy their things. Survivors are all based on the full original code of UNIX-based UNIX, and Hacker is developed to continue to survive. Hacker culture, once predicted is about to be destroyed, but in the world that is flooded in commercial software, the thorns, the road is blue, and there is another heaven and earth. The network big explosive era is from the rapid growth from the fact: Internet is popular, the ISP is coming out of the 190s, the emergence of the worldwideWeb, so that the speed of the Internet growth, it is a suffocating feel. The BSD project was officially announced in 1994, and Hacker used the main free Unix (Linux and some derivatives of some 4.4BSD). The Linuxcd-ROM pin is very good (good to sell pancakes). Hackers have been mainly active in Linux and Internet in recent years. WorldwideWeb lets Internet have become the world's largest transport medium, and many of the 1980s and the early 190s Hacker are now operating ISP. The prevalence of the Internet, Hacker culture has attached importance to and play its political influence. In 1994, the US government intends to monitor some safer, difficult coded coding, not allowing outflow and use. This special case called Clipper Proposal has caused Hacker's group opposition and strong resistance and halfway. In 1996, Hacker launched another protest movement to deal with "Communications Decyact" that was improperly named, and the vowed to maintain the freedom of speech on the Internet. Computers and Internet will be an indispensable necessities in the 21st century. Modern children will come into contact with Hacker.
