Hacker culture brief (1) This original author is Eric S. Raymond Esr@snark.thyrsus.com, he is a big brother-level HACKER, written a lot of free software, well-known books with Jargon File, in recent years The Cathedral and the market "Thesis is OpenSource Software, Netscape is willing to open Navigator's original code, which has a big relationship with this article. Order: Real Programmer story start, I want to introduce the so-called Real Programmer. They never claim to be Real Programmer, Hacker or any special title; the noun in 1980 appeared in the 1980s, but since 1945, computer science continues to attract the world's top, imagination is the most abundant. The person put it it. After invented ENIAC from Eckert & Mauchly, there is a full-feasible Programmer to invest in it, and they have written software and play with various programming skills, and gradually form a set of scientific and technological culture with self-consciousness. At that time, the Real Programmers mainly came from the engineering community and the physical world, they worked with thick glasses, penetrates with pure white socks, using machine language, assembly language, Fortran and many ancient language writes. They are the pioneers of the Hacker era, silently contributing, but it is very known. From the end of the Second World War, the early days, it was a MAINFRAMES epidemic of a card computer and the so-called "big iron block", dominated by Real Programmer. Hacker Legend Story If a famous MEL (included in Jargon File), various versions of Murphy's Law, Mock-German`blinkenlight 'articles are a long-standing old teeth joke. ※ Translator: Jargon File is also written by this author, including a lot of Hacker, abbreviation, legend, and more. Jargon File has a publishing book: The New Hacker's Dictionary, Mit Press is published. There is also an Online version: http://www.ccil.org/jargon ※ Translator: Mo Fighter is: When there are two ways to make you choose, if one of them will fail, you will choose it. It has many derivatives: such as a program tested thousands of thousands of thousands of thousands of times before Demo, but Demo will be biased. Some Real Programmer is still in the world and is very active (this article is written in 1996). Super Computer CRAY Designer Seymour Cray, is said to design Cray all hardware and its operating system, and the operating system is hard to dry with the machine code, no bug or error. Real programmer is really super! To make a more exaggerated example: Stan Kelly-bootle, The Devil's DP Dictionary book author (McGraw-Hill, 1981 Edition, ISBN 0-07-034022-6) and Hacker Legend Specialist, this year in a manchester Mark I development program. He is now a columnist writer of computer magazine, writing some scientific humor, meaningful and interesting today Hackers well, so it is very popular.
Others have written a small story about Real Programmer, including this book on A Few Good Men from UNIVAC, published in 1987, ISBN-0- 262-62075-8. ※ Translation: Seeing this, everyone should understand that the so-called real programmer refers to the use of a combination language or even a machine code, putting a paper card with a punching machine Punch, and inputs the stone era of the computer by the host card. Rogrammer. The era of Real Programmer stepped into an end, replaced by an Interactive Computing, university established a computer network, and a computer network. They gave birth to another continuous engineering tradition and finally evolved into today's open code hacker culture. Early hacker Hacker Age has started the first computer DEC PDP-1 in 1961 MIT. After the MIT's TECH Model Railroad Club (TMRC), after bought this machine, the machine as the most fashionable technology toy, the various program tools and computer terms have begun, and the entire environment and culture have been developed to today. . This has detailed records in the front section of Steven Levy's book `Hackers' (Anchor / Doubleday, published in 1984, ISBN 0-385-19195-2). ※ Translation: Interactive computing does not refer to Windows, GUI, Wysiwyg and other interfaces, and Terminal, there is a shell to be instructions as interactive computing. The word that uses HACKER should be MIT. The Early Academic Artificial Wisdom of the Early 1980s: MIT's Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, its core character comes from TMRC. Since 1969, it is exactly the first year of ARPANET, which has continuously has major breakthroughs and contributions in the computer science. Arpanet is the first high-speed network across the United States. The US Department of Defense is funded, an experimental digital communication network, gradually growing into a large network of universities, national defense contractors and research institutions. All local researchers can lead to the sharpness of science and technology with unprecedented speed and elastic exchange information, super efficient cooperation model. Another benefit of ArpaNet is that the information expressway makes Hackers around the world to get together, and it is no longer as shown in the past, and the network has been formed into a powerful force into a powerful force. Start someone to feel the existence of Hacker culture, handle the terminology and put on the network, publish satressial literature and discuss the moral norms of Hacker. (Jargon File appeared in 1973, is a good example), Hacker culture has rapidly developed rapidly between colleges who have connected ARPANET, especially (but not all) in information related department. At the beginning, the entire Hacker culture developed with MIT's AI Lab, but Stanford University's Artificial Intelligence Laboratory (Sail) is rapidly rising with a later Carnegie-Mellon University (referred to as CMU). Three are all authority of the large information scientific research center and artificial wisdom, gathered in the elite around the world, regardless of the technical or spiritual level, has a very high contribution to Hacker culture. In order to understand the story later, we have to look at the changes in the computer itself; with the progress of technology, the protagonist Mit Ai Lab also fades out of the stage from the red pole.
