This is an office automation project plus corporate logistics plan. This is a project I did, there are still a lot of naive places, please don't laugh!
In 2002, a company internship in a domestic famous group was found. The company is located in a city in Hubei, mainly engaged in bearing manufacturing and sales. More than 100 employees, managers people. The main task I go to practice is to build an enterprise office automation (OA) system, and carry out enterprise management diagnosis (focusing on enterprise logistics direction).
Corporate, first of July 12, first talking about the personnel administrative manager, understanding some of the probably. Do OA first, do it according to the requirements and procedures they mention. I didn't understand the process management. In fact, if I know at the time, I should suggest that they optimize some key processes. According to their requirements, I actually just as a programmer's role, just automated the process. It is only possible to reduce the time of time, but only the theoretical level at the time is only like this.
I started to use the VFP programming, but I made full consideration and need, I decided to use the browser-based B / S structure to facilitate operation and maintenance with the ASP Access database. After all, I am not a computer professional student. If you want to edit a very complex process, it is a bit difficult.
The functional module of the entire system is divided into briefcation, book borrowings, personnel information, attendance records, business assistants, working days / counseling, data downloads, business trips, bulletin boards. In fact, it can be seen that it is not a perfect OA system, its main function is to reduce the transfer time to facilitate, and there is no effective and combined with enterprise process optimization and post adjustment. The phenomenon of excessive focus is not effective. Many official documents and day Zhou Ji also need to go to the general manager to make a decision.
Overall, the design is relatively simple, because it is only internal to use, so there is no very complex certification measures, mainly divided into three levels, one is the staff, the second is the department manager, three is the general manager and super administrator (I am still Super administrator's permissions have been restricted, I don't want the general manager to see him, the super administrator is the assistant manager after I finished the project and transferred it). The entire system home page is a flash animation plus an input box, with a very common picture of commercial temperament with dark blue, looks more comfortable. After the authentication is entered, you can see the system interface. It is a three-colony box plus structure. The top one is the various functional entries. After clicking, you can open this function in the left box, and the detailed operation entry is originally It is ready to use the directory tree, and it is possible to automatically generate a detailed directory tree under the folder, but because the editor is very troublesome, simply use different links. Click on the link to change the content in the main frame of the right.
The implementation of the certification is mainly verified by two fields. One is level, the staff is 3, the department manager is 2, the general manager is 1, by setting the session storage information to facilitate authentication throughout the system. The main safety certification is implemented by the password, and the employee is allowed to make a password change.
The following functions will be briefly introduced.
1. Officials
In fact, the official document is mainly to realize the two-way flow of various internal documents in the enterprise, but mainly for various planning programs and new submission, such as some suggestions and planning, using online writing form, and then automatically record the writing time, The author, category, etc., after the general manager assistant can receive information, first by the general manager assistant audit, the review can be passed to the general manager, if not, will return to the author, and indicate the reason and the reason. Moreover, the author can monitor the approver of the official document. For example, if the General Manager Assistant is read, you can display the read but not approved in the official document, but if the approve is copied, it will be approved, and the result of the approve, pass or not pass, etc. Wait.
Bulletin board
In fact, similar to the AMT reminder function, if there is new information, the dialog box will pop up, prompting new company announcements, such as handling account information, power failures, etc. 3. Application for business trips
It achieves a similar briefcase, but there are more items, such as cost estimates, start time, and more information.
4. Attendance record
It mainly records a variety of handoff information and submits a manager review of the finance and personnel department.
5. Business Assistant
Mainly a variety of information queries, such as airplanes and train, area code, telephone and supplier, and customer information. However, it is worth emphasizing that the query permission to supplier and customer information is mainly based on a field of database table: DP implementation, DP is judging whether it is a logistics and sales manager or general manager (this company has no vice general manager), Only they have permission to check the relevant information.
The entire system is actually customized development, no action of process optimization, just in accordance with the requirements, automation, general manager, even if the business is outside, it can also entered the system office.
Later, I fill in a function of online office, the maximum internshipless office, which is a plug-in, or 9CBS friends, can guarantee online writing Word and other documents, it will be automatically saved. On the server, the network administrator (Help) is responsible for a day backup, and can then be backed up by the user's own mobile storage device.
I am very unhappy, tired, and feel that there is no effect in addition to achieving paperless office and automation. This machine is also broken, like the old cow, the time to stop, you are upset!
After I finished this system, I started to prepare for corporate management diagnosis, mainly the direction of corporate logistics management.
In fact, everything I do is free, I think it is very good! Experience is a rare, let alone, I am just a big two students, others can I have been surprised.
On the second day I completed the system, a software company's people set up a telephone billing software because the old general should control the spending expense. Later, the man took an OA's demo, and later quoted more than 20,000, I dizzy, In fact, the function is similar to me, but also needs to carry out the secondary development and some customary work, and the old pair said that it is better to use me.嘿嘿 ...
Later, I started to do business diagnosis.
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I was studying some Dongdong, and some diagnostic tools were used in school case analysis, but the first time practiced was really a bit. But I always believe that as long as I adhere to principles and basic theories, you can play well in practice, the truth is halfway, it is wrong.
I mainly take advantage of the gap between production capacity, product quality gap, production cost gap, production cycle gap, service level gap, logistics operation gap, very similar to ERP gap? Oh, but I was not familiar with ERP.
Gap in production capacity
Through the gap between the production capacity of fish bone graphics, it is mainly due to material problems, low equipment utilization rate and low artificial utilization rate. The reason why the artificial utilization rate is low is because the enthusiasm is not high (the work challenge is poor, and the personnel performance appraisal is unreasonable) and the operation is not skilled.
The equipment utilization is mainly due to aging of equipment and frequent maintenance.
The most serious impact is actually the material supply problem, which is caused by almost the situation of a company I later made. It is not accurate by the plan, the quality of supply is not high (supplier pays attention to lack of insufficient, lack of supplier communication, no effective supplier assessment system), material supply is not timely (programs and predictive, long, long, capital flow Timely follow-up). 2. Product quality gap
The product quality gap is due to many workers' operational mistakes (more new hands, paying attention to insufficient, lack real-time monitoring), supply quality problems (content of the production capacity gap), the product is immature (some product design defects).
3. Production cost gap
The management cost is too high, the products and materials are too high, and non-consumable growth is caused.
The management cost is due to excessive manual operation (there is no effective management information system), and there is a problem with the management process.
Non-consumable growth is mainly due to non-managedness (planning for no circumstances, lack of cost awareness).
Products and material stocks are due to the lack of effective logistics prediction (lack of technical means, deficiencies, lack of technical means, insufficient understanding) in the lack of predictive means.
4. Production cycle gap
Mainly, the product technology problem is slow, the production plan is thick, the production is long, and the material problem is caused.
Product Technical Problem Treatment Slowness is mainly caused by immature and response speed of product technology (process is not scientific).
The production plan is mainly caused by frequent production plan adjustments.
Production preparation cycle is mainly caused by insufficient production preparation plan and the length of material supply cycle.
The material problem is the same as the content there.
5. Service level gap
The company's service level is very low, and customers have a lot of complaints.
Mainly, service level definition is unclear (lack of consciousness and knowledge), lack and customer communication (no process stipulations, lack of related mechanisms, no information system support), low delivery rate (uncertain demand, long production cycle) caused .
6. Logistics operation gap
Then I don't have to say more, I will know it.
There are also some questions that have been emphasized:
Planning and resource imbalance, planning and production and material supply
The production plan will not be able to control the material inventory to control the material, stop the work, the production plan and the procurement plan from commented on the delivery time of the customer's delivery time. The inventory is seriously occupied. According to the calculation, the monthly production plan of the company is now only 73%, and the delivery rate of the on-time delivery rate of the company's own own work is very large. If the customer service level is defined in terms of delivery rate, and the calculation is calculated in the production plan, it can be found that only 0.33 may be able to deliver in time, facing serious credit issues and the income cost increase. It will be very disadvantageous to pioneering and baff over the market.
The change of this problem requires an advanced management method to enhance the improvement of the level of management, so that the problem of seriously disconnection of the production and supply market existing in the company. Thus, an effective management information system (at that time, it is not clear that ERP, just vague feelings) has become an important option to enhance the management level of the company.
Product quality defects, frequent changes due to changes in products, even sometimes recall modifications, often result in errors in the number of production plans and actual needs, often cause unnecessary stock backup. And does not guarantee that the improved product is not backlog.
The departments lack information communication and collaboration based on the results of the survey, because financial management is comparative, the material coding of financial management is basically specified, but other departments still use the original encoding. Directly leads to two sets of encoding. Effective specification coding is the key to ensuring the correct and smooth enterprise information. The lack of collaboration between various departments also leads to inaccurate production plans, and the supply of materials is not in time.
The professional quality of logistics and production sector management personnel is insufficient. Now the logistics and management of managers can not meet the requirements. It is degraded in planning means, lacks effective forecasting and control, less learning from advanced management ideas. It turns out that if it is used, it is fully able to perform effective predictions on the fast demand products of the enterprise. For example, XX and XX products, the simulation test prove that the prediction of the sales of a series of model products can reach the standard deviation of the standard deviation in 33. The logistics and production department believes that it is impossible to make effective predictions based on the current enterprise situation and the income of capital flow. Prediction is an important part of the plan. However, due to the need for a large amount of statistics and solid calculation of the base, the current human situation is still unable to meet the relevant requirements. Excessive manual operation, the workload is high because of excessive manual operation, so management costs and calculation errors are large, and the workload is also large. For example, based on the current business provided by the warehouse data provided by the company, I have tried a variety of ways to calculate the prediction, the calculation of the XX and XX series spent two and a half work day. So, if there is a set of effective information systems help solve, it will be very beneficial to improve such problems.
In fact, many issues have caused a lot of logistics management, there is a lot of reasons, but logistics management has confirmed that it is the most tricky! Therefore, I started to start research and analysis, but I didn't propose a system solution, just made some targeted solutions. In fact, I didn't have any experience, I had to solve the problem online and reading. I haven't advised the teacher. Even the flow chart will not draw, so depressed. At that time, the functions and management of enterprise logistics management can only meet the current status, and many problems have emerged, and they need to improve in the future. The current situation at the time was not adaptable to future development needs. Planning, forecasting, inventory, etc. are basically completed by production, finance, market and logistics department, but the responsibilities are unclear, lack of communication. Transportation, procurement, the warehouse management is basically managed by the logistics department, and the logistics department accepts direct leadership of the general manager, many documents and applications require direct review and instructions. Overall, the company's logistics management functions are relatively scattered, and communication and unified scheduling between various departments are lacking. At that time, the logistics management function was dispersed in normal results because there was no logistics management integration. The number of logistics sectors of the company has a total of 10 people, including: 1 departmental manager, 2 buyers, 1 planner, 1 warehouse supervisor, and 5 warehouses (one of them in Henan). The personnel of the other departments of the enterprise are involved in logistics management, although their department has undertaken some logistics management functions, they have not accepted the system's logistics management training and education. According to the analysis of the human resources situation, the human resource status of logistics management can only meet the daily business needs of the company, but if advanced technical analysis and strengthening logistics integration operation, it is difficult to complete with the current human resources. The logistics management technology of the company is relatively lacking, the means is simple and the subjectivity is too strong. If the basic logistics prediction method is not applied or mastered, the sales prediction technique used by the market sector is backward, which cannot be reflected in the season and trend characteristics, and the unacceptable error occurs. At the same time, managers misunderstand the critical technical issues of logistics management. For inventory decisions, the application is simple four operations and subjective judgments. For supply decisions and procurement decisions, it is only very simple wait-and-see and speculation, and there is no substantial grasp the law of operation, causing passive position in management. The various technical indicators provided by each department did not form strong correlation and comparability, and did not become the technical reference of the system. There is no real logistics management information system in the enterprise, but the logistics department and the Financial Ministry have realized a preliminary integration on some of the partial circles of the transfer. The information between the various sectors is not smooth, and the degree of data sharing is low. Handmade operations account for most, and low efficiency, high error rate. There is no uniform plan for logistics management information, lack of relevant functional departments and personnel for unified scheduling, and information flow is in passive flow conditions throughout the process. If the situation is developed in accordance with the situation at the time, the enterprise wants to establish and the efficient coordination of the office or future subsidiaries. If the company will move toward the direction of the group, it is not satisfied at the current situation. The information flow will become a factor in the development of the company after the capital flow. In fact, I have already thought that there is a problem, but I don't know how to do it, how to optimize, lack relevant theoretical learning. Therefore, it can only be done with the problem of solving problems. When I started to solve the problem, I was placed in the supply chain management environment, so I also considered a lot of collaboration problems with suppliers, but because many suppliers were spread around the city, they feel more easier to communicate with them. But I didn't go, it is purchased. The main concern for solving the problem is in the evaluation and process of suppliers (although not understanding, but the tyrants are hard to do, the results are not bad, haha ...), inventory, transportation cost.
The reason is mainly what I know, and the other one is that the information is not enough, and there is no knowledge of the skill, I don't understand. 1. The evaluation of the supplier evaluation and contact process supplier is mainly correct to correct the past zeroat evaluation index, which makes it systematically, I have learned in class, and I have been analyzed with the teacher, so I don't think of practical, it is quite good. . Oh, the evaluation is mainly to list the indicators, I have the metrics I have: the material level supply rate, material availability, supply quality statistics, orders complete performance, etc. The top three are the top three in these indicators, but also the company's most concerned. It is quite practical, and other indicators are just auxiliary reference. I feel that the contact process I feel, not scientific, because the quality of the procurement is relatively poor, so there is almost no power when the joint supplier develops a quality plan, not to say synchronization. Therefore, I thought that the improvement of the company's process was to have high quality talents, and they could not meet the demand. Enterprises often receive non-standard supplies, and materials often have more or less. For example, a certain tube is often more in the tube, resulting in difficulties in combination before and after, but the company is not enough time and tools to solve, resulting in many problems. If you can communicate more at the time, you will be familiar with product technology and principles. Most of the suppliers will be better for suppliers' evaluation process and responsibilities are the assistants of the general manager responsible for approval "Qualified Supplier Application Form", "Supplier Basic Information Table" , "Supplier Review Report". The structural department is responsible for reviewing suppliers' product design capabilities, technical capabilities (mechanical, hardware, and other materials from the structural department review), if necessary, the test department can participate in the review. The Department of Pipe is responsible for reviewing the quality management system of suppliers. The Logistics Department is responsible for the daily management of suppliers, including collecting supplier information, establishing qualified supplier files, monitoring materials quality, delivery, price and supplier services, organizing relevant departments to review suppliers, and tour. The manager representative is responsible for monitoring the review of suppliers. 2. Inventory problem This is a question, it is really trouble, it is to look back in all the projects of all the internships, which is also the most headache. Almost all have a problem of high inventory investment, time period imbalance. Here are some statistics show, the product number I choose to be slightly. Product Number Product Sampling annual inventory (one / year) accounting for the percentage of total inventory (%) Accumulated percentage of total number of products (%) 1 20162 24.8 12.52 15204 18.7 253 11895 14.6 37.54 9182 11.3 505 6684 8.2 62.56 6481 8.0 757 6376 7.8 87.58 5470 6.7 10081454
It can be observed that the total number of 37.5% of the total number of products accounted for a total of approximately 43.5% of the annual storage amount, which also has a considerable part of the average inventory investment. The following is the case of inventory utilization:
Product number Sort quarter inventory (single / season) inventory utilization average quarter stock 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 9859 19782 18026 6977 0.83 0.68 0.89 0.52 136612 11672 18383 13031 7428 0.88 0.94 0.97 0.64 126293 950 1800 1284 55 190 0.18 0 0.45 23884 1,482,126,418,993,640 0.14 0.25 0.99 1.02 20715 100,724,702,170,100 0.03 0.92 1.00 0,143,766,708,809,701,898 0 0.40 0 0,110,578,639,211,816,573 0.001 0.36 0.66 0.58 10438 498 970 851 778 0.05 0.77 0.01 0.01 774
Product Number Sort Quarter Wait (Season / Season) Each quarterly inventory utilization Average quarterly wrapped 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 10235 17285 12680 4728 0.88 0.94 0.97 0.64 112322 8189 13368 16012 3611 0.83 0.68 0.89 0.52 102953 209 312 0.25 0.99 1.02 15294 32 2263 2169 0 0.03 0.92 1.00 0 11165 0 331 0 2500 0 0.18 0 0.45 7086 1 330 1204 330 0.001 0.36 0.66 0.58 4667 25 748 16 10 0.05 0.77 0.01 0.01 2008 0 350 0 0 0 0.40 0 0 0 88 In fact, there is no high inventory problem, I mainly conduct ABC classification for products and materials. My concept is that the supply chain system needs to be pulled, but inventory is to complete the combination of pulling and promotion. of. For the main product (essentially A), the prediction and combining market judgment, using a balanced production plan, it can be more effective. This is basically promoted. For B, C, due to the market introduction, it is necessary to complete the completion of the joint supplier, timely feedback order information, which requires companies to collaborate, and the system work. Pick-inventory management, timely purchase of materials. For small volumes, complex products, the result is the effort and customer negotiations extend the delivery period, and the order out of the order will never lose customer resources. There are still some auxiliary measures, etc., although I am trying to do, they don't seem to understand, so the old collective special arrangements I talked twice, they seem to be a bit open, I tried my best to give them my brain! Although I am a lot of students, they still respect me very much, and I'm trying to remember! Oh, I am so touched! 3. The direction of transportation costs, there is a direction to Zhejiang, so I found that their transportation route has problems, on the one hand, they have their own transportation tools, on the other hand, they use some transportation companies. There is a repetitive phenomenon on the route, and I advocate that the route cross-province transportation will be outsourced, and the remaining material transportation and transportation in Hubei Province. Fortunately, the traffic is developed, how can I go? The main measure is to consolidate the transportation route, which is almost the same as the Shenzhen company project I later made.
Later, I ended up, I went back like this, huh, but after going back, I said with my classmates.
In fact, I have realized what I have learned! I decided to manage three-pronged management / logistics and supply chain management / project management, and strive for every internship opportunity. Never let go of practice. opportunity.
Such an experience has laid a solid foundation for my successful project in a US company. (Author: cncaigs)
