Router interface and connection - (1) Interface (reposted)
Content introduction:
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Interface
First LAN interface
Page 2 WAN interface
Third page Router configuration interface
Connection article
The connection between the fourth page of the router and the local area network access device
Fifth page of the router and Internet access device connection
Six page configuration port connection method
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First, router interface
The router has a very powerful network connection and routing function, which can be physically connected to a wide variety of different networks, which determines that the interface technology of the router is very complicated, the more high-end routers, the more, because The more network types it can connect. The port of the router is mainly divided into domain network port, wide area network port, and configuration ports, which are described below.
LAN interface
Common Ethernet interfaces include AUI, BNC, and RJ-45 interfaces, as well as FDDI, ATM, Gigabit Ethernet, etc. have corresponding network interfaces, which introduce several major local area network interfaces.
(1) AUI port
The AUI port is used to connect to the coaxial cable cable, which is a "D" type 15-pin interface, which is one of the common ports in the token ring or bus type network. The router can be connected to the 10BASE-5 network through a coarse coaxial cable transceiver. However, more is the connection to the 10BASE-T Ethernet network by means of an external transceiver (AUI-TO-RJ-45). Of course, it is also possible to achieve a connection with the thin shaft cable (10Base-2) or the cable (10Base-f) by means of other types of transceiver. AUI interface diagram is shown in Figure 1.
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(2). RJ-45 port
The RJ-45 port is our most common port, which is our common twisted pair Ethernet port. Because twisted pairs as the transmission medium in the fast Ethernet, two types of 10BASE-T network RJ-45 port and 100Base-TX network RJ-45 port can be divided according to different communication rates of ports. . Among them, the RJ-45 port of the 10BASE-T network is usually identified as "eth" in the router, and the RJ-45 port of the 100BASE-TX network is typically identified as "10 / 100BTX".
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As shown in FIG. 2, 10BASE-T network RJ-45 port, and Fig. 3 shows 10 / 100BASE-TX network RJ-45 port. In fact, these two RJ-45 ports are exactly the same as the port itself, but the corresponding network circuit structure in the port is different, so it is not casual.
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(3). SC port
The SC port is also the fiber port we often say, which is used to connect to the fiber. The fiber port is usually not directly connected to the workstation with the optical fiber, but is connected to a flash in the Fast Ethernet or Gigabit Ethernet. Such ports are typically marked with "100B FX" in high-end routers, as shown in Figure 4.
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2. WAN interface
In terms of taking above, the router can not only achieve connection between local area networks, but more important applications is to connect between local area network and wide area network and wide area network and wide area network. However, because the WAN is large, the network environment is complicated, so it has decided that the speed of the router to connect the port of the WAN is very high, and in the Ethernet, it is generally required to have more than 100Mbps fast Ethernet. Here are several common wide area network interfaces.
(1). RJ-45 port
With the RJ-45 port, you can also create a wide area network and a local area network VLAN (Virtual LAN), and connection with the remote network or Internet. If you use a router to provide route for different VLANs, you can directly connect to different VLAN ports using twisted pairs. However, it is important to note that the network connected to the RJ-45 port here is generally less than 10BASE-T, usually 100Mbps fast Ethernet or more. If you must connect to a remote network through an optical fiber, or when you are connected to other types of ports, you need to connect to each other by means of a transceiver. As shown in Figure 5, it is a Fast Ethernet port. The related pictures of this topic are as follows:
(2). AUI port
AUI ports we also talked in the LAN, which is a network interface for connecting to a coarse coaxial cable, in fact, AUI ports are often used in connection with WAN, but this type of interface is relatively small. On the Cisco 2600 Series router, AUI is provided with two WAN connection ports (as shown in Figure 6), and the user can select the appropriate type according to its own needs.
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(3). High-speed synchronous serial port
In the wide area network connection of the router, the most portable port is also calculated as "serial", as shown in Figure 7.
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Such ports are mainly used to connect to network connection modes such as DDN, Frame Relay, X.25, PSTN (Analog Telephone Lines). A special line connection is also available between WAN connection technology such as DDN or X.25 between the enterprise network. This synchronous port is generally required to be very high because in general, both ends of the network connected to this port are required to synchronize in real time.
(4). Asynchronous serial port
Asynchronous serial port (async) is primarily applied to the MODEM or MODEM pool, as shown in Figure 8. It is mainly used to implement remote computers to dial into the network through public telephone networks. This asynchronous port is required to be loose at the rate relative to the synchronous port described above, as it does not require the two ends of the network to keep real-time synchronization, as long as you can continuous, mainly because this interface is connected The speed of communication is low.
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(5). ISDN BRI port
Because ISDN's Internet access method has its unique side, it has also been adequately used in the connection mode of the Internet when ISDN has just happened at that time. The ISDN BRI port is used for ISDN lines to connect to Internet or other remote networks through the router to implement 128kbps communication rate. ISDN has two rate connection ports, one is an ISDN Bri (basic rate interface); the other is an ISDN PRI (group rate interface). The ISDN BRI port is a RJ-45 standard with the ISDN NT1 connection using RJ-45-RJ-45 straight lines. The BRI shown in Figure 9 is an ISDN BRI port.
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3. Router configuration interface
There are two of the configuration ports of the router, named "console" and "AUX", "console" is usually used by dedicated connection with computer when the basic configuration of the router is used, and "AUX" is the remote remote. Configure the connection.
1. Console port
The Console port is directly connected to the computer's serial port using the configuration dedicated connection, using the terminal emulation program (such as "Hyper Terminal" under Windows) to router local configuration. The console port of the router is mostly the RJ-45 port. A Console configuration port is included as shown in Figure 10 below. The related pictures of this topic are as follows:
2. AUX port
The AUX port is an asynchronous port, which is mainly used for remote configuration, or it can be used for the coamental connection, and can also be connected to the Modem via the transceiver. The AUX port is usually available at the same time as the Console port is not the same. The interface illustration still refers to Fig. 10 above.
Second, the hardware connection of the router
From the above introduction or known, the router has a lot of interface types, they are each used in different network connections, and if they do not understand the role of their respective ports, it is likely that the wrong connection is possible, resulting in incorrect network connections, and the network is not available. Below we further understand the connection application environment of various ports by several network connection forms of the router. The hardware connection of the router is mainly divided by the port type, the connection between the local area network device, and the connection between the WAN devices and the connection between the configuration devices.
1. Connection between routers and local area network access devices
LAN equipment mainly refers to hub and switches. The ports typically used are only RJ-45 and SCs, while the ports used by the hub are usually AUI, BNC, and RJ-45. Below, we briefly describe how to connect between routers and various ports of the network equipment.
(1). RJ-45-TO-RJ-45
This connection method is that both ends of the router are connected to the RJ-45 interface. If the router and the network device provide RJ-45 port, then two ports of the bus device and the router can be connected using twisted wires. Together. It should be noted that the connection between the line devices, the connection between the router and the clutch device does not use the cross wire, but use straight lines, that is, the line sequences at both ends of the jumper are identical, but also It is not that just the same line is the same, but it is best not to adopt one or one. Agather, the cascading between the hub devices is usually performed by the cascaded port, and the interconnection between the router and the hub or switch is performed by a normal port.
In addition, the router and the clutch port communication rate should be as possible, otherwise, it is better to make the port speed of the bus device higher than the rate of the router, and it is best to connect the router directly to the switch.
(2). AUI-TO-RJ-45
This situation mainly occurs in the router connected to the hub. If the router has only AUI ports, the RJ-45 port is provided, then the connection between the two must be achieved by means of the AUI-TO-RJ-45 transceiver. Of course, the twisted pair jumpers between the transceiver and the clutch device must also use straight lines, and the connection schematic is shown in Figure 11.
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(3). SC-TO-RJ-45 or SC-TO-AUI
This is generally a connection between the router and the switch, such as the switch only has a fiber port, and the routing device is provided with the RJ-45 port or AUI port, then the SC-TO-RJ-45 or SC-TO- The AUI transceiver can be connected between the two. The twisted pair jumline between the transceiver and the switch device must also use straight lines. However, there is very little way to actually have a switch to a pure fiber interface.
Router interface and connection - (2) Connection (reposted)
2. Connection to the router and Internet access device
The main application of the router, the connection between the router and the Internet access device has the following:
(1). Connect by asynchronous serial port
The asynchronous serial port is mainly used to connect to the MODEM, which is used to implement remote computers into the local area network through the public telephone network. In addition to this, it can also be used to connect other terminals. When the router is connected to the Modem through the cable, the Aysnc-to-DB25 or AysNC-to-DB9 adapter must be used. The connection between the router and the Modem or the terminal is shown in Figure 12. The related pictures of this topic are as follows:
(2). Synchronous serial port
The synchronous serial port type that can be supported in the router can support 5 different types of synchronous serial ports, respectively: EIA / TIA-449 interface, v. 35 interface, X.21 serial cable assembly and EIA-530 interface, the corresponding adapter illustrates as shown in FIGS. 13, 14, 15, 16, and 17, respectively. However, it should be noted herein is that because in general, both ends of the adapter connection are used in different shapes (generally known as the pushed pushes "," male ", the adapter with holes It is generally called "female head", pay attention to the same interface type between the "EIA-530" interface), mainly considering the closeness of the connection. The "Mek" is connected to the DTE (Data Terminal Device, Data Terminal Equipment) Connect the Adapter, and the "Faute" is the DCE (Data Communication Device, Data Communications Equipment) Connect the Adapter. As shown in FIG. 18, it is a schematic diagram of the synchronous serial port and the Internet access device. You can only find the connection line and the device terminal interface type when the connection is required.
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The related pictures of this topic are as follows:
The related pictures of this topic are as follows:
The related pictures of this topic are as follows:
The related pictures of this topic are as follows:
The related pictures of this topic are as follows:
(3). ISDN BRI port
The ISDN BRI module of the Cisco router can generally be divided into two categories. First, the ISDN Bri S / T module, the second is the ISDN Bri U module, the former must be ISDN's NT1 terminal device to achieve connection with the Internet, because S / T port only Can pick up digital telephone devices, not applicable to the current status, but after NT1 can be connected to existing analog telephone devices, the connection diagram is shown in Figure 19. The latter is called "NT1 " terminal device, and its "U" port can be directly connected to the external line outside of the analog phone. Therefore, it can be directly connected to the telephone wiring wall panel socket without the need to add ISDN NT1. Figure 20 shows.
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The related pictures of this topic are as follows:
3. Configure port connection mode
As in the previous, the configuration port of the router is different from the configuration, the port used is different, the main is still two, one is the "console" port used by the local configuration, the other is the remote The "AUX" port used during configuration, and the respective connection methods are shown below.
(1). Connection method of console port
When using a computer to configure the router, you must use the flip cable to connect the router's console port to the serial port / parallel port of the computer. This cable is generally required. According to the computer end, the serial port is still in parallel, select the production RJ. -45-TO-DB-9 or RJ-45-to-DB-25 conversion adapter, as shown in Figure 21.
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(2). AUX port connection method
When you need to implement the configuration of the router by remote access, you need to use the AUX port. AUX is actually the same as the RJ-45 described above, but the circuit corresponding to the circuit is different, and the function of the implementation is different. Different according to the port conditions used by Modem, it is determined that the connection through the AUX port is also connected. The choice of transceiver of RJ-45 to DB9 or RJ-45 to DB25 must be used. The connection method of the router's AUX port and MODEM is as shown in Figure 22, the topic related pictures are as follows:
Author:
JzLD 2004 April 9, 2004
