GIS / GPS, constructing transparent logistics enterprises 2004-9-8 China Third Party Logistics Network
Foreword
During the period in which China's logistics industry is in flourishing, the logistics industry has become a new "economic growth point" in my country, which is increasingly received by people. Information logistics is called "another revolution in enterprise management" by industry insiders, as it role in centralized procurement, centralized inventory, transportation optimization, and other forms of logistics industry have absolute advantages, logistics information is reduced cost And save time. However, the information construction of my country's logistics enterprises is still in the primary phase, and the optimization of business processes and operations is still in the starting and exploration phase. Because many logistics companies come from the original material companies, the problems they face are to establish the information management system within the enterprise as soon as possible. In addition, due to the high degree of centralized intensiveness in our manufacturing and commercial distribution, logistics companies that have adapted to them are also small and medium-sized enterprises as the main body, so regardless of corporate logistics or logistics enterprises, the overall level is not high. In foreign countries, especially logistics companies in developed countries, they have completed logistics information, and many Chinese logistics companies will face severe problems in life and death.
With the rise of enterprise e-commerce, the further integration of distribution channels and the emergence of supply chain management require logistics companies to provide comprehensive distribution solutions to customers. However, the lag of information technology application has made it difficult to coordinate the logistics activities between upstream and downstream enterprises, allowing logistics activities to become blurred black holes, high cost and poor control, and seriously restrict the development of my country's logistics enterprises. According to the survey report of the China Warehousing Association, my country's vehicle operation is about 45%. One of the important reasons for this situation is that logistics companies cannot accurately know the specific location of the running vehicle, and cannot be contacted with the driver anytime, anywhere, and cannot organize the supply and flexible distribution. At the same time, the driver can only determine the route with personal experience, sometimes the best path is not available, not only delay the timing and increase operating costs. In addition, actual customers cannot promptly understand the cargo distribution process, and cannot coordinate with logistics enterprises. With the development of the Internet and communication technological advancement, cross-platform, componentized GIS (geographic information systems) and GPS (Global Positioning System) technology gradually mature, GIS / GPS-based applications will construct competitive transparent logistics enterprises.
GIS / GPS Introduction
GIS (Geographical Information System, Geographic Information System) is a variety of disciplines, which use geographic model analysis methods based on geographic model analysis, and provide multiple space and dynamic geographic information. It is a geography. Computer technology system for research and geographic decision service. Its basic function is to convert Table Data (whether it is from the database, spreadsheet file, or directly in the program) to geographic graphics display, and then browse, operation, and analysis on display results. Its display range can range from an interContinental map to a very detailed block map, display objects include population, sales, transport lines, and other content.
At present, the important research results of GIS are mainly manifested in: OpenGIS research ensures heterogeneous GIS data and processing units on the network; relational database (RDBMS) and GIS effectively combined, many RDBHS will also support new The object relationship model can better support spatial data types; the development of the GIS component makes the original large GIS system forward to component, decomposes into basic GIS components; Web (Internet / Intranet) has become GIS New operating platform; Data Mining technology development, providing new tools for knowledge discovery. The latest research results of GIS provide basic technical conditions for the introduction of logistics management in GIS technology.
GPS (Geographical Position System, Global Satellite Positioning System) is an advanced navigation technology that consists of a transmitting device and a receiving device. The transmitting device consists of several navigation satellites located in the earth satellite, different orientation, and constantly moving toward the surface of the earth. Emit radio waves. The receiving device is typically mounted on a mobile target (such as a vehicle, ship, aircraft), and the receiving device receives the positioning signal of the navigation satellite of different orientations, it can calculate its current latitude and longitude coordinates, and then record their coordinate information or send back monitoring Center. The ground monitoring center uses GPS technology to monitor the position of mobile targets such as vehicles in real time, and issue real-time scheduling instructions to the mobile target according to the road traffic situation. GPS has a global, all-round, all-weather navigation positioning, timing, speed measurement function, consisting of three major subsystems of space satellite systems, ground monitoring systems, and user receiving systems. Since the logistics transportation process is the physical spatial position transfer process, during the logistics transportation process, the transportation, warehousing, loading and unloading, delivery, etc. of the goods that may involve may, such as the selection of the transportation route, The choice of warehouse, the capacity setting of the warehouse, reasonable handling strategy, the selection of transportation vehicles, and the selection of delivery routes can be effectively managed and decisive by using GPS navigation function, vehicle tracking, information query and other functions. This is undoubtedly It helps distributers to effectively utilize existing resources, reduce consumption, and improve efficiency.
GIS / GPS application advantages in logistics companies
GIS is applied to logistics analysis, mainly to improve logistics analysis technology using GIS powerful geographic data function. GPS can monitor the position of mobile targets such as vehicles in real time, and issue real-time scheduling instructions to the mobile target according to road traffic conditions. The effective combination of GIS, GPS and wireless communication technology, supplemented with vehicle route model, shortest path model, network logistics model, allocation set model, and facility positioning model, etc., can establish a powerful logistics information system, so that logistics becomes real-time And the best costs. The advantages of GIS / GPS in logistics enterprise applications are mainly reflected in the following aspects:
1. Create a digital logistics company, standardize the business's daily operation, and enhance the corporate image. The application of GIS / GPS will will enhance the informationization of logistics enterprises, enabling companies to operate daily, including corporate logistics equipment or any goods of customers can describe precise numbers, not only improve enterprise operation efficiency, not only At the same time improve the corporate image, you can strive for more customers.
2. Improve vehicle operation efficiency, reduce logistics costs, resist risks. The combination of GIS / GPS and wireless communication makes it transparent to the transportation equipment flowing different locations and can be controlled.
· Combine the support of the logistics enterprise decision model library, according to the actual warehousing of logistics enterprises, the best logistics path can be calculated, and the transportation equipment navigation, reducing the runtime, reducing the operating cost.
• Use GPS and GIS technology to display the actual position of the vehicle in real time, and amplify, shrink, restore, change; can move with the target, so that the target is always held on the screen, using this feature to track important vehicles and goods transport. The technology of real-time positioning, tracking, alarm, communication, etc. can meet the basic information of the vehicle, and effectively avoid the airborne phenomenon of the vehicle, and the customer can understand the goods through Internet technology. Details during the transportation process. For example, in the grassland pasture, the vehicles in the grassland have failed on the way, and traditional logistics companies often cannot find failed vehicles in time, and the raw milk is broken, and the loss is heavy. And GIS / GPS can easily solve this problem.
· People's factors exist everywhere, while GIS / GPS can effectively monitor the driver 's behavior. In the logistics enterprise, in order to escape the bridge fee, the long-term delay is released, privately, the goods are free from the time, and the anti-mountain high emperor is far away, logistics enterprises cannot effectively monitor the behavior of the driver. The monitoring of vehicles is also standardized. 3. Through the coordination of logistics operation, promote collaborative business development, let logistics enterprises conversion to the fourth-party logistics role. Since logistics companies can obtain specific locations of each vehicle in real time, logistics enterprises can use the concept of the system of the company to reduce the airborne load. The transformation of this function, if the logistics company is a supply chain service, it can play the role of the fourth-party logistics.
GIS / GPS construction transparent logistics company
Logistics companies can accurately obtain information of transport vehicles through wireless communication, and then access the company's internal and customer access through Internet, thus making the operation and business of the entire enterprise, and lay the foundation for collaborative business.
The physical architecture of the logistics enterprise information platform is as follows: The basic architecture of the logistics enterprise information platform is as follows: Conclusion
Integrating Geographic Information System (GIS), Satellite Positioning System (GPS), Wireless Communication (WAP) integration, is used in the field of logistics and supply chain management information technology, and is not fully mature in China. But some visionary companies have seen this tempting cake and put into action, and Merchants Di Chen System Co., Ltd. is a typical enterprise, has developed a series of products. Although these product functions have not yet been perfect, I believe that with people's emphasis and technology, GIS, GPS, WAP and Web technology will combine together, and jointly describe transparent logistics companies, reduce logistics black holes, and strengthen domestic logistics enterprises competitiveness, soon Standing open the open logistics market.
