Medical Information Standard List This page This page introduces the standards widely applied in medical information, so that friends in the forum have been retrieved. It mainly introduces the standards for medical applications, for technical standards for medical care, such as: Communication protocol standards for communication, TCP / IP, FTP, etc., as well as JPEG, TIFF, PICF, Fax for storage, MEDIA, etc., when it is involved, it will give the corresponding brief description, but not listed in the table below, because such standards do not need hospital IT staff to know, it will be widely used in various aspects, their medical Application standards, if the hospital's personnel and medical information researchers don't understand, it is impossible to obtain better applications and development, and cannot learn from successful or failure standardization experience. This page arrays the first alphabetical order in each standard. It is marked with "detailed" after each standard, indicating that there is a detailed introduction to the relevant link; this page only provides related URLs, or only brief introduction However, there is no more information, you welcome friends with more information. The finishing and maintenance of this page shall be responsible for Ironstone. If there is related questions, please contact it. Before understanding these standard systems and coding systems, it should be noted that all classification coding systems have disadvantages, without a coding system to meet the needs of all users. Therefore, after understanding these standards, it is very important to understand the scope of these standard systems, the purpose of use and the use of the crowd. Foreign standards and standards organizations:
ATC (Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical)
Anatomy - treatment - chemical code; it is a pharmaceutical system classification class. In the early 1970s, the Norwegian Medical Supply Department expanded the existing European Pharmaceutical Market Research Association anatomy and treatment of Level 3 classification system, and increased 2 chemical levels. Later, the ATC classification was recognized by the WHO drug application research group and was maintained by the WHO Collaborative Center for Drug Statistics Methodology.
The advantages of ATC are as follows: (1) A pharmaceutical product is determined, including effective substances, treatment pathways, and associated doses. (2) Nothing is for treatment, further facing chemicals, which is lacking in other systems. (3) Its hierarchical structure allows logical grouping. (4) It has been an international standard for the application of WHO drug applications.
The disadvantage is that there is no compound preparation comprising composite products, skin disease preparations, and topical use.
Related information: http://www.umanitoba.ca/centres/mchp/concept/dict/drug/atc-ext.htm
CPT (Current Procedural Terminology, USA)
General process term; a set of coding systems used in the US payment compensation coding system, based on consumption, define diagnostics and treatment, and provides encoding strategies. It is the classification code and terminology system used by the hospital, and is widely used in the US payment and application assessment. Ann a US Medical Association, AMA. (On some foreign Demo in the forum, you can often see CPT4, referring to the fourth version of CPT: Current Procedural Terminology, 4th Edition
DiCom Standard (DiGital Imaging) - This Forum Discussion section: Medical Imaging Technology, PACS System, DICOM3 Standard Direct DRG (Diagnosis Related Groups, USA)
Chinese name: Diagnostic correlation group; developed by the US HCFA (Health Care Financing Administration) and is a classification coding standard for the US medical insurance prepaid system. This encoding is based on the patient's age, gender, hospitalization number, clinical diagnosis, condition, surgery, disease, and transgeneration, the patient is divided into approximately 500 left and right diagnosis, and this is based on the compensation fee for the hospital. The diagnosis is based on ICD-9-CM code. This encoding is introduced and modified by many countries. DRGS lacks clinical specificity in direct patient care or clinical studies. my country has also studied DRGS.
DRGS can also be used in budgets, but there is still controversy in budget use.
DSM (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual Of Mental Disorders)
Mental Disease Diagnosis and Statistics Manual Coding System; Dedicated Codes of Design, Development and Maintenance by the American Psychiatric Society (APA). The first edition was published in 1952. The current version is the fourth edition (DSM-IV), which proposes a series of code standards used in diagnosis, prescription, research, education and management.
ICD 10 Code (The International Statistical Classification Of Diseses and Related Health Problems, Tenth Revision, WHO)
The ICD coding is initially used for disease rate and mortality in early Europe. The first edition was published in 1900 and revised every ten years. After the sixth release, gradually expand the classification, retrieval, statistical application for hospital clinical diagnosis and surgical operations. Based on this, multiple other versions and criteria are derived, such as: ICD-9-CM is the clinical revision of ICD-9 in the United States, and is also the foundation of US DRG. In 1992, the tenth version was published, and this version made a lot of extensions and modifications, and began to adapt to the needs of epidemiological and health assessments. China has begun to apply ICD-10 encoding to the disease home page on January 1, 2001.
ICD-O
International Tumor Disease Classification;
ICPC (International Classification Of Primary Care)
International primary medical classification method; Biological, psychological, social issues involving grassroots, psychology, society Colleges, Academic Practitioners / Family Physicians, Abbreviation: WONCA; Also known as: World Doctors Society, World Organization Of Family Doctors did not accept ICD encoding, but a classification method, this system is more than ICD- 9 is more refined, not only contains diagnostic coding, but also includes the cause of treatment, the cause of the test and the test results. ICPC can be coded in accordance with SOAP guidelines.
This encoding is maintained by Wonca International Classification Committee (WICC) under Wonca. The diagnosis is classified according to the two axis, and a shaft is an organ system (represented in character form), and the other shaft is a medical component (indicated in digital form, see Table 6.1 below). Information from: "Medical Information" book.
Table 6.1 ICPC two-axis system
First axial: organ system code organ system A universal and non-specialty B blood D digestive F eye h ear K circulating L-skeleton n nerve P psychology R breathing s skin T endocrine and metabolic U urinary W Pregnancy and family planning X female reproductive system Y male reproductive system Z social problem
Second axial: Medical Component Partial Code Medical Components 1-29 Symptoms and Symptoms 30-49 Diagnostic Census and Prevention of 50-59 Treatment and Drug Treatment 61-61 Test Results 62 Management 63-69 Other 70-99 Diagnostics
Supplementary description: The current WICC is developing ICPC2 encoding, the encoding system and ICD-10 are made of certain correspondence
ICPM ()
International medical process coding; mainly in Germany and the Netherlands.
ICIDH (International Classification of Impairments, Disabilities and Handicaps)
International illness, loss of failure and disability classification;
IS & C (Image Save and Carry, Japan)
HL7 Standard (Health Level 7, United States) - This Forum Discussion Columns: HL7 Forum; Details
Hipaa (Health Insurance Portability and Accountability ACT / 1996, Public Law 104-191, USA) Details
Hipaa itself is not a standard, but because of HIPAA's reasons, HiPaa has promoted many relevant information standards, and these standards are regulated by the requirements of the bill. I have a better study of some experiences in foreign countries. Here is an introduction.
LOINC (Logical Observation Identifiers Names and Codes, USA)
This system consists of clinical pathologists, chemists and laboratory service developers The Community of Scholars of The Regenstrief Institute for Health Care in the Hartford Foundation, US National Medical Library (NLM) and US Medical The support of the Regulatory Agency (AHCPR) is developed. The goal of this project is to generate a test code system for associated generalization before and after ASTM E1238 and HL7 2nd version of the laboratory results and observation information. LOINC databases include a record of chemical, toxic, serological, microbiology and some clinical variables. At present, approximately 32,000 observation terms (OBSERVATION TERMS), 20,000 of laboratory tests. LONIC has been approved by other standard systems and has been synthesized into UMLS. LONIC can be downloaded from the Internet, free of use.
Special explanation: Here, I don't know why use Logical, not Laboratory, from its contents, it should be about laboratory Observation Identifiers Names and Codes --- Laboratory observation results identifier name and code system, start thinking is My information is incorrect, but the LOINC's home page is written is logical, and if you don't have this joke, :), then find the place to mention LOINC in HL7, and use the logical, which is judged Name should be correct, but why use this word? Still don't quite understand. If you have a real user, please advise! Mesh (Medical Subject Headings)
Medical theme word form; developed and maintained by the National Medical Library (U.S. National Library of Medicine, NLM). Used for the index of the world medical literature. Mesh forms the basis of UMLS.
NANDA Coding (North American Nursing Diagnosis Association, North America)
North American Nursing Diagnostics Association Code;
NDC (National Drug Code, USA)
American drug code; this code system is maintained by the US FDA, mainly used in medical insurance, medical subsidies, and insurance companies. There is sometimes NDC code in the UPC (Universal Product Code --- General Product Code) format.
RCC (Read Clinical Code, UK)
READ encoding, also known as read clinical classification, is developed by the British General Doctor James Read in the early 1980s. In 1990, the British National Health Care Service Department (, NHS) was adopted. The RCC has been further expanded in clinical terms.
The RCC is specially developed for electronic medical records, and the purpose is to intend to cover all terms that may be used in the medical record, cover all the ranges in the medical and health sector. RCC uses five alphanumeric code. Theoretically allowed 650 million code. RCC is compatible with all widely used standards, such as: ICD-9, ICD-9-CM, DRGS, CPT-4, OPCS-4, etc., RCC, all terms in these classification systems. One, corresponding reference or corresponding.
The clinical term is implemented by the Working Group under the leadership of NHS CEO, including the Royal Medical College, the Joint Advisory Committee, the General Medical Service Committee of the British Medical Association and representatives of NHS executive.
SCP-ECG (Standard Communication Protocol)
Transmission standard for electrocardiography
Snomed coding (The Systematized Nomenclature of Medicine, USA)
Previously, it is called: Systematized Nomenclature of Human and Veterinary, Systematized Nomeoclature of Human and Veterinary Medicine. In 1933, the New York Medical College started the research of medical terms database, the STANDARD Classified Nomenclature of Diseses. In 1961, the US Medical Association continued to engage in this work, and published a pathological system term (The Systematic Nomenclature of Pathology, Snop) coding system in 1965. Snop laid the foundation of the human and animal medical system, and has become an example of a dedicated terminology. SONMED is issued in 1975, the latest version is called: International Snomed (Snomed International); Snomed 3.4 Chinese version has been published in China, can be purchased at the Beijing Municipal Health Bureau information. The latest product results are Snomed RT details.
UMLS system (UNIFIED Medical Language System, USA)
Unified medical language system;
X12N ()
