When installing the software under Windows, simply double-click the software installer, or decompress the software to decompress the software with ZIP. Installing software under Linux For beginners, difficulty is higher than Windows software installation. Let's explain how to install the software under Linux in detail. Let's take a look at the Linux software extension. Software suffix is .RPM originally a package format provided by Red Hat Linux, now many Linux distributions are used; the suffix is .deb is a packaged format provided by Debain Linux; suffix is .tar.gz, tar. Z, tar.bz2 or .tgz is packaged using UNIX system packaging tools; the suffix is generally some commercial software. You can learn about the software format by extension, and then understand the software installation. The installation of the RPM format package 1. Introduction Almost all Linux distributions use some form of package management installation, update, and uninstall software. Package management is easy to install and uninstalling with the source code installation; easy to update the installed package; easy to protect the configuration file; easy to track the installed file. RPM is full of RED HAT Package Manager (Red Hat Pack Manager). RPM is essentially a package that contains Linux software that can be installed and running on a specific machine architecture. RPM is shown in Figure 1.
Figure 1 Schematic diagram of RPM structure
Most Linux rpm packages have certain rules, which follows Name - Version - Revigree - Type -Mysoftware-1.2 -1.i386.rpm. 2. Install the RPM package software # rpm -ivh mysoftware-1.2 -1.i386.rpm rpm command main parameters:
-i installation software.
-t test installation, not really installed.
-p Displays the installation progress.
-f ignores any errors.
-U Upgrade installation.
The -v detection kit is installed correctly.
These parameters can be used simultaneously. More content can refer to the command help of the RPM. 3. Uninstalling the software # rpm -e software name needs to be described, using the software name in the above code, not the software package name. For example, when you want to uninstall Software-1.2.-1.I386.rpm, you should perform: #RPM-E Software 4. Forcibly uninstalling the RPM package Sometimes the removal of an RPM is not possible, especially if there are other programs on the system depend on When it is. If the execution command will display the following error message:
## rpm -e xsnow
Error: Removing these Packages Would Break Dependencies:
/ usr / x11r6 / bin / xsnow is needed by x-amusements-1.0-1
In this case, you can reinstall XSnow with the --force option:
## rpm -ivh --force xsnow-1.41-1.i386.rpm
XSNOW
Here is recommended to use tool software Kleandisk, use it to securely completely clean up the RPM package that is no longer used. For details, please see the 2003 "Open System World" No. 12. 5. Installed .Src.rpm Type file Currently RPM has two modes, one is already encoded (i386.rpm), one is not encoded (SRC. rpm). RPM --Rebuild filename.src.rpm This time the system will create a file filenamr.rpm, in the / usr / src / redflag / rpms / subdirectory, generally I386, specific situations and Linux releases. Then you can perform the following code: rpm -ivh /usr/src/regflag/rpms/i386/fileName.rpm Using the DEB packaged software installation DEB is a package manager provided by Debian Linux, which is very similar to RPM. However, since RPM appears early, and is widely used, it is often seen in various versions of Linux, while Debian's package manager DPKG only appears in Debina Linux. Its advantage is that it is not necessary to be strictly redeemed, and the disadvantage is that this package management tool can only be seen in the Debian Linux release. 1. Install # dpkg -i mysoftware-1.2.-1.Deb 2. Uninstall # DPKG-E MysoftWare Use the source code for software installation and RPM installation mode, software installation will be complex, but use source code Installing software is an important means of software installation under Linux and one of the most important advantages of Linux. Using the source code installation software, you can install the custom installation method according to the needs of the user, rather than just relying solely on the parameters of the pre-configured parameters in the installation package. In addition, there are still some software programs that can only be installed from the source code. There are now many places to provide source code packages, where they depends on the special needs of the software. For those common software, such as Sendmail, you can download the source code package (such as http://www.sendmail.org) from the commercial website. A general package that can be downloaded from the developer's Web site. Let's introduce the installation step: 1. Unzip the packet source code software usually as an extension in .tar.gz, Tar.z, tar.bz2 or .tgz is extension. Different extensions decompressed commands are also different, see Table 1.2. After compiling software successfully decompressed the source code file, enter the interpreted directory. Read the ReadMe file and install file before installation. Although many source code files use basic identical commands, sometimes some important differences can be found when reading these files. For example, some software contains a installation script program (.sh). Read these instructions before installation, help to install success and save time. Before installing the software, it is necessary to become a root user. There are usually two ways to achieve this: on another terminal login in root, or enter "SU", the system will prompt the access to the root user. After entering your password, you will always have ROOT users. If it is already a root user, you can perform the next step. The usual installation method is to perform the following command from the directory of the installation package:
Gunzip Soft1.Tar.gz
CD Soft1
#. / Configure # Configure #
Make # calls make #
Make Install # Install Source Code #
