Overview: What are the processes have passed when the computer starts: After the computer is powered on, the first step is to power the self-test, which is Post (Power On Self Test), check RAM, drive, etc .; the second step BIOS will read activities Start loader of the partition main boot record; the third step start the loader initialization, the operating system starts officially starting, this process is mainly divided into boot phase, load the kernel phase, initializes the core phase, and logs in to the system to launch these four phases. The initialization kernel phase is a very complicated process, the system needs to load a lot of underlying hardware drivers, read registration information, find new hardware devices, start related services, initialize display devices, and display user interfaces. And implement various user-defined configurations, such as security configurations, and the like.
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Windows2000 / XP startup process detailed WinXP startup simple procedure Windows XP startup process detail
Full dialysis computer startup (Author: eNet Source: eNet FRANCISCO)
Opening the power start machine is almost a matter of computer enthusiasts every day, facing a boot screen appearing on the screen, we will not feel unfamiliar, but what is the computer done when the computer is displayed? what about work? I believe that some friends are not very clear, this article will introduce what is done when the computer has done from the open power to the blue sky, the computer.
Let us first understand some basic concepts. The first is a very familiar BIOS (Basic Input Output System), BIOS is the underlying code that is dealt with hardware, which provides the operating system to control the basic functions of the hardware device. BIOS includes BIOS with system BIOS (i.e. often said motherboard BIOS), graphics card BIOS and other devices (such as IDE controller, SCSI card or network card, etc.), wherein the system BIOS is the protagonist to be discussed herein because the computer's startup process is It is carried out under its control. BIOS is generally stored in the ROM (read-only memory chip), and these code will not disappear even after turning off or powered down.
The second basic concept is the address of the memory, and 32MB, 64MB, or 128MB memory is generally installed in our machine, each byte of these memory is given an address so that the CPU has access to memory. The 32MB address range is indicated by hexadecimal number is 0 ~ 1ffffh, where 0 ~ FFFFH low end 1MB memory is very special, because the initial 8086 processor can access the maximum memory only 1MB, this 1MB low end 640KB is called For basic memory, and A00H ~ bffffh is preserved to use the display card, C0000h ~ fffh is preserved to BIOS, where the system BIOS generally occupies the last 64KB or more space, the graphics card BIOS is generally at C0000h ~ C7FFFH The BIOS of the IDE controller is at C8000H ~ CBFFFH.
Step 1: When we press the power switch, the power is powered to the motherboard and other devices. At this time, the voltage is not stable, and the control chipset on the motherboard will send an RESET (reset) signal to the CPU. Let the CPU automatically return to the initial state, but the CPU will not immediately perform the instructions immediately. When the chipset detected that the power supply has started to stabilize power (of course, from the unstable to a stable process is just a moment), it removes the RESET signal (if it is manually pressing the RESET button on the computer panel to restart the machine, then loose When the button is opened, the chipset will remove the RESET signal), and the CPU immediately starts executing instructions from the address FFF0H. From the previous introduction, this address is actually within the address range of the system BIOS, whether it is Award BIOS or Ami BIOS, Placing is just a jump instruction, jumps to the real start code in the system BIOS. Step 2: The system BIOS startup code is the first thing to do is to perform Post (Power-On Self Test, self-test after power-on), and the main task of POST is to detect some key devices in the system and whether it can work properly. For example, devices such as memory and graphics cards. Since POST is the earliest test process, the graphics card has not been initialized. If the system BIOS found some fatal errors during POST, for example, there is no memory or memory problem (at this point only 640K regular memory), Then the system BIOS will directly control the speaker to report the error, and the length of the sound represents the type of error. Under normal circumstances, the POST process is very fast. We have almost unable to feel its presence, and other code will be called for more complete hardware detection after POST.
Step 3: Next, the system BIOS will find the graphics card's BIOS, before, the start address of the ROM chip stores the graphics card BIOS is usually set at C0000h, and the system BIOS will call its initialization code after finding the graphics BIOS in this place. The graphics card is initialized by the graphics card BIOS. At this time, most graphics cards will show some initialization information on the screen, introduce manufacturers, graphic chip types, etc., but this picture is almost a flash. The system BIOS will then find the BIOS program of other devices. After finding, the initialization code to be called inside these BIOS is to initialize the relevant device.
Step 4: After finding the BIOS of all other devices, the system BIOS will display its own boot screen, including the type, serial number and version number of the system BIOS.
Step 5: The system BIOS will then detect and display the type and operating frequency of the CPU, then start testing all the RAM, and simultaneously display the progress of the memory test on the screen, we can decide to use the simple consumption in the CMOS settings or Detailed time consumption.
Step 6: After the memory test passes, the system BIOS will start some standard hardware devices installed in the system, including hard drives, CD-ROMs, serial ports, parallel ports, floppy drives, etc., and most newer version of the system BIOS is here. The timing parameters, hard disk parameters, and access modes, etc. of the memory are also automatically detected and set in the process.
Step 7: After the standard equipment is detected, the system BIOS inside the system BIOS will begin to detect and configure the plug-and-play device installed in the system. After finding a device, the system BIOS will display it on the screen. The name and model of the device, and the device allocates the interrupt, DMA channel, and I / O ports.
Step 8: All hardware has been detected, and the multi-system BIOS will re-clear the screen and display a table on the screen, which roughly lists the various standard hardware devices installed in the system. And the resources they use and some related work parameters. Step 9: Next, the system BIOS will update the ESCD (Extended System Configuration Data). ESCD is a means of system BIOS to exchange hardware configuration information with operating systems, which are stored in CMOS (a small special RAM, powered by batteries on the motherboard). Usually the ESCD data will only be updated only after the system hardware configuration changes, so we can see information such as "Update Escd ... Success" when the machine is started, but the system BIOS of some motherboard is saved when ESCD data. Using the Data format with Windows 9x, Windows 9X modifies the ESCD data into its own format during its own startup process, but when the machine is started, even if the hardware configuration does not change, the system BIOS will also The ESCD's data format is changed, and this loop will cause the system BIOS to update the ESCD when the machine is started, which is why some machines will display relevant information at each time startup.
Step 10: After the ESCD is updated, the system BIOS startup code will perform its last job, that is, start from the floppy disk, hard disk or optical drive from the floppy disk, hard disk, or optical drive according to the user-specified startup order. Taken from the C drive as an example, the system BIOS will read and perform the main boot record on the hard disk. The main boot record will then find the first active partition from the partition table, then read and execute the partition boot record of this activity partition, The partition boot record will be responsible for reading and executing IO.SYS, which is the most basic system files of DOS and Windows 9x. Windows 9x's IO.SYS first initializes some important system data, then show our familiar blue sky and white clouds, under this screen, Windows will continue to perform boot and initialization of the DOS section and the GUI (graphical user interface) section. jobs.
If the system is installed in the system, the main boot record will typically replace the boot code of the software, which will allow the user to select an operating system, then read and execute the basic operating system. Boot code (the basic boot code of DOS and Windows is partition boot record). The above introduction is the computer to complete the various initialization works to be completed when the power switch (or pressing the reset button) is turned on. If we press the Ctrl Alt DEL key button under DOS (or select Restart Computer from Windows) to heat Start, the POST process will be jumped, starting directly from the third step, and the detection CPU and memory testing of the fifth step will not be done again. We can see that whether it is cold start or hot start, the system BIOS has repeatedly repeated these things again and again, but it is not paying attention to things. However, it is these monotonic hardware testing steps to provide us with a computer. basis.
The startup process of all version of Windows is described below:
Windows98 startup process
Understand the startup process of Windows98, beginner's friends can better understand the system, and can handle some simple start-up faults, let's take a look. First, the process of startup Turn on the computer and illuminate the monitor, and the keyboard, the indicator light on the chassis flaks. The display will detect the display card information (Figure 1), this process is short, the picture is almost a flash. After completing the graphics card detection, a beep is issued, then enter the next screen, the system BIOS information will be displayed in the interface, including displaying computer hardware configuration information, including CPU, memory, etc. Information parameters (Figure 2) . After completing the above process, a system configuration list will be displayed. Then, according to the parameters set by the CMOS, the hard disk is positioned on the physical fan 0 column 0 surface 1, and then the sector end flag 55aah, the main boot record MBR, the hard disk partition table HDPT, and then supplied according to the data provided according to the hard disk partition table The hard disk positions the head on the boot sector of the active partition (main DOS boot partition) (generally a physical fan 0 post 1 side), then the sector end flag 55AAh is read, and the system parameters are operated. This process is complicated, but the purpose is very simple, it is to read the operating system in memory, store the Bootstrap Loader program in the ROM (read-only memory) and self-diagnostic programs to move to RAM (random memory), with Bootstrap The Loader runs, the operating system delivers the system file to the RAM. Then IO.SYS and MSDOS.sys two files will be executed, and "Starting Windowsn98 ..." will appear on the screen. What needs to be explained is that Windows needs command.com, IO.SYS, MSDOS.sys, drvspace.bin, and reads AutoExec.bat, Config.sys, System.ini during the initialization process. Six files in Win.ini, User.dat, System.dat. After entering the blue sky, in this picture, the blue strips below are constantly flashing. At this time, some system files will be run in the background system. If you have configured the "config.sys" file in your system, Then, it will be executed at this time, and the system will also execute the "command.com" file, allowing the computer to enter the DOS real mode, start basic success. will then configure Windows98 according to Autoexec.bat, MSDOS.sys, and decide which mode, if you enter window mode, you have to read it according to user.dat, system.dat, win.ini, system.ini et al. The relevant file is automatically initialized. At this time, the screen has a black screen, and a flashing cursor appears on the upper left corner of the screen. At the same time, the startup process will automatically read the Windows registry file, and complete the startup process, Windows appears The initial screen can run the Windows system. At the entire startup process, the ROM BIOS cured in the motherboard will monitor whether the hardware configuration is abnormal, such as the wiring of the board, the connection installation, etc., if a hardware failure occurs, then there will be no appearance on the screen. At the same time stop start.
Second, the startup also speeds up the Windows system startup process needs to initialize the entire computer hardware and software, so many friends will feel that the startup process is too slow, how to improve the start speed of Windows98? 1. Optimize the BIOS-entered the BIOS Setup program, set the hard disk detection mode to "Ide Auto Detection" in "Standard CMOS Setup" and set other IDE interfaces without hooks or optical drives to "NONE" . "System Boot Up Speed" is set to "High" in "Bios Feautures Setup", and set the Quick Power On Self Test, and Boot from Lan First, set the "boot sequence" option to "c ONLY "or" C, A "mode, setting" Boot Up Floppy Seek "is set to" Disabled "and then sets" System Bios Cacheable "Enabled". You can also set "CPU L1 Cache", "CPU L2 Cache" or "External Cache" in the CPU option, "INTERNALCACHE" is set to enabled. 2. Modify MSDOS.sys in the DOS mode, cancel the read-only properties of MSDOS.sys, and then use the Edit program to open the editing. First, you need to set "AutoScan = 0", you can skip the Windows98 after being unattainable, automatically run the ScanDisk disk scanner, so that the startup speed can be accelerated. Set the value of "bootdelay" to 0 to specify the "Start Windows" prompt information for Windows 98 boot. Join the bootMenu = 0 Command line to use the startup menu, that is, the startup option does not appear when the system starts. 3. Configuring the System Configuration Utility "Automatically runs some programs when Windows98 is started, such as Super Solver automatic playback monitor, etc., we can prohibit them from running to achieve the purpose of rapid startup. The specific method is to click "Start / Program / Accessories / System Tools / System Information", and select the menu "Tools / System Configuration Utility", and in the Start tab, Figure 3, Figure 3), cancel unnecessary automatic running with the system program. For example, SystemTray is a program that manages resident memory and can be retained. LoadPowerProfile is a power management solution that can be turned off. The role of ScanRegistry is to check the registry when Windows starts, and can be canceled. TaskMonitor is a planned task monitor that will be canceled. Schedulingagent is a schedule for planned tasks or cancel. 4. Skating the startup screen windows98 will display the blue sky and white cloud screen when starting, can be skipped by skipping the startup screen acceleration system startup process, the implementation method is to hold down the ESC button at the time of the system, or open the root The msdos.sys file under the directory is added to its (Options) section. 5. Simplified system configuration files can be deleted with system configuration file config.sys and auto-batch files to improve system performance and start speed, if the real mode driver is loaded because of two files, Instead, it will affect the system start time. If you want to keep it, be careful not to load the driver of the optical drive to avoid the number of detection of the optical drive when booting, increase the reading time of the disc.
6. Regularly organize hard disk debris to use the "Disk Defragmate Program" provided by Windows98 to make hard disk fragments, which can realligate the files and unused space on the hard disk, to speed up the operation of the file and the operation of the file. Reduce the hard disk seek time, implement the method, click "Start / Program / Accessory / System Tools / Disk Defragm", in the Select Drive dialog box, click Settings button, and select "Restructuring the program The file is made faster. " In the Hard Disk tab, set the computer type to "desktop", set the Pre-Reading Optimization slider to "All", and then click the "OK" button. 8. Cancellation of the file system Windows to exclude the computer failure, set the file "Troubleshooting", click the File System button in the "Performance" tab of the System Properties dialog, then Select the Troubleshooting tab and cancel it all. Simple procedure for Win2000 startup
During the startup process, the Windows 2000-based computer initializes the boot portion in the hardware, called preboot sequence. When the system starts, the NTLDR is loaded and the last step of this process, then the computer loads NTLDR to memory, and the boot sequence is collected in the Windows 2000 load phase preparation process. Preboot Sequence uses the following files to boot into the system: NTLDR, Boot.ini, bootsect.dos (if you use earlier operating system, such as Window 9x or DOS Double-start option), NTDetect.com, Ntoskrnl.exe.
WINDOWS2000 / XP startup process detailed
Windows2000 / XP is an excellent operating system with powerful and safe and stable, which is favored by the majority of computer users. However, during use, we obviously feel that its startup time is more than Windows98, which is more resistance than Windows 98. So, in this paragraph, there is no time to do, what is the system? Don't worry, you will come slowly, let's take a look at why it is so turtle. On Intel-based computers, the startup process of Windows2000 / XP can be roughly divided into 5 steps: pre-start, start, load the kernel, initialized kernel, and user login. The following is separately introduced: 1. Pre-start the computer power-on self-test, and complete the basic hardware configuration by the BIOS (ie the basic input and output system), then read the MBR of the hard disk (main boot record) check the hard disk partition table to determine the boot partition And perform the NTLDR (Operating System Loader) file in the operation system boot sector on the boot partition. * Windows2000 / XP supports multiple boots. It will first save the existing operating system boot sector (located in the active partition root directory), and modify the system boot sector in order to load the NTLDR file when the system starts, so that multiple boots the goal of. Windows98 does not have this feature, so if Windows2000 / XP is installed first, Windows 98 will then break the boot record of Windows2000 / XP, resulting in 2000 / XP can't start. II. Start 1. First, NTLDR converts the processor from real mode to 32-bit protection mode. 2. Read the boot.ini file. This file is located in the active partition root directory, which is to make the system appear in the startup process, and select the user who wants to start by the user. If you choose to start Windows2000 / XP, NTLDR will continue to boot the following procedure; if you choose to be non-Windows2000 / XP system, NTLDR reads the system boot sector copy Botsect.dos transfer to start the appropriate system. * Where [Boot Loader], the operating system loader, specify the system selection menu default waiting time and the default boot operating system. Can be modified manually or modified in the control panel. For the sake of insurance, it is recommended to modify it in the control panel. Select Control Panel -> System -> Advanced -> Startup and Fault Recovery to change the relevant settings. (There is another method in WindowsXP, that is, run MSConfig (System Configuration Utility). [Operating Systems] section specifies the list of operating system, and the part of the double quotes is the content displayed by the list, which can be arbitrarily modified. It is more personalized. * Shaped like Multi (0) Disk (0) RDisk (0) Partition (1) format statement is called ARC path, its format is: Multi () - Specify disk controller (if The SCSI controller, then here should be replaced with SCSI ()); Disk () - Specify the SCSI device number (Always 0 for the MULTI value value); RDisk () - Specify the IDE device number (for SCSI, here Ignore); Partition () - Specifies partition number. The divided partition number is starting from 1, and the remaining number starts from 0. Parameter / fastDete represents the disabled serial mouse detection, which is the system default. There are several common parameters: MaxMem - Specify Windows2000 / XP Available Memory Capacity; BaseVideo - Use the standard VGA display driver; NOGUIBOOT - does not display the graphic screen during the startup; SOS - load the device driver to display its name. * Select the menu in the operating system selection menu The Chinese font is provided by the bootfont.bin file in the active partition root directory. 3. System Load NTDetect.com file. It is detected by it to detect machine hardware, such as parallel port, display adapter, etc., and will collect hardware list Returns NTLDR is used to register saved in the registry.
4. If Windows2000 / XP has multiple hardware configuration files, the selection menu will appear, wait for the user to determine the hardware configuration file to be used, otherwise skip this step directly, enabling the default configuration. * The hardware profile refers to a system file that saves a computer-specific hardware configuration. Multiple different hardware profiles can be created to meet computers in different occasions. You can select the Control Panel in turn -> System -> Hardware -> Hardware profile makes changes. III. Loading the kernel boot process began to load the Windows2000 / XP core ntoskrnl.exe. This file is located in the System32 folder under the Windows2000 / XP installation folder. Subsequently, the hardware abstraction layer (HAL) is then loaded, and this step is completed. * Hardware Abstract Layer (HAL): Hide hardware interface details of a particular platform, providing a virtual hardware platform for the operating system, making it hardware-independent, which can be transplanted on a variety of platforms. IV. Initializing the kernel core completion initialization, NTLDR transfers the control over the Windows2000 / XP kernel, the latter began to load and initialize the device driver, and launch Win32 subsystems and Windows2000 / XP services. V. Users log in to start the login process. Winlogon.exe is launched by the Win32 subsystem and launch Local Security Authority (LSASS.exe) Displays the login dialog. After the user logs in, Windows2000 / XP will continue to configure network devices and user environments. Finally, with the sound of Microsoft and our familiar personalized desktop, the long startup process of Windows2000 / XP is finally completed. Oh, is it falling asleep, wake up, the system starts successfully, why do you do now! Simple procedure for WinXP startup
Turn on the power, ROM BIOS first detects whether memory is abnormal, then the graphics card, input output port, hard drive, etc., if there is no problem with the POST self-test, start searching to send it to memory, read o.sys, command.com , msdos.sys, config.sys.autoexec.bat, etc. and load it, and finally read Win.com to start Windows, start the end. IO.sys is the first system file read, he and command.com Msdos.sys forms the most basic system. This file is generally unable to modify. I used to use PCTools to change because of the use date expired, in order to continue to use Official version of Win98. Read Himem.sys, IFSHIP, SETVER.EXE, DBISPACE.BIN files while reading IO.SYS, and general users can modify the items in IO.SYS through cinfig.sys, autoexec.bat, about this Most of the two files have been said. MSDOS.sys is responsible for memory management, system-read startup file, which is mainly used for startup options in Windows. This file is easy, and some examples are as follows: [Paths] hostwinbootdrv = C: Start drive Path WinBootDir = C: / Wondows Startup Path WINDIR = C: / Wondows Loading Operating System Path
[Option] autoscan = "" It is used to set whether the hard disk is set when starting (the last time someone posted the time, the system scan may have problems) set to 1, there is a prompt scan, set to 2, no prompt direct scan Set to 0 is not scanned. BootDelay = "" Set the time to press F8 when the startup is started, generally 2 (second), set to 0, which may not adjust the startup option. BootGui = 1 Set to 1 When entering the graphical interface, set to 0 to the character interface, you can enter the graphical interface by entering Win.com. There are still many other options, just say it. Command.com internal commands and some of the interpretation of special commands config.sys, autoexec.bat, win.com.system.ini.win.ini explains the Windows XP startup process detail
Start your computer from pressing the computer switch to log in to the desktop, complete the following stages:
1. Pre-boot phase; 2. Boot stage; 3. Load the kernel phase; 4. Initialize the kernel phase; 5. Log in. Detailed introduction of each startup phase a) The pre-active phase is pressed to start the computer, and before this time before the Windows XP Professional Operating System is started, we call the pre-boot stage, in this In the stage, the computer first runs the Power ON Self Test (POST), the total memory of the POST detection system, and the status quo of other hardware devices. If the BIOS of your computer system is plug and play, the computer hardware device will be inspected and complete. Computer Basic Input / Output System (BIOS) Locate the boot device of the computer, then the MBR (Master Boot Record) is loaded and run. In the pre-boot phase, the computer is to load the NTLDR file of Windows XP.
b) The boot phase The Windows XP Professional boot phase contains four small phases. First, the computer should pass the initial boot loader, in this stage, NTLDR converts the computer microprocessor from the real mode to 32-bit flat memory mode. In real mode, the system reserves 640KB memory for MS-DOS, and the remaining memory is considered to extend memory, and in 32-bit flat memory mode, the system (Windows XP Professional) is available to all memory is available memory. Next, NTLDR launches built-in mini-file system drivers. Through this step, NTLDR can identify partitions formatted with NTFS or FAT file systems to find and load Windows XP Professional, here, the initial boot loader phase It is over.
Then, the system comes to the operating system selection phase. If the computer is installed more than one operating system (that is, multi-system), and correctly sets the boot.ini to provide the system to provide the operating system selection, the computer display will display an operating system menu, This is the result of NTLDR to read boot.ini. (As for the operating system menu, because there is not enough condition, there is no screenshot, but the author simulates one, see Figure 1.)
In Boot.ini, the following is mainly included: [Boot Loader] Timeout = 30 Default = Multi (0) DISK (0) RDisk (0) Partition (1) / Windows [Operating Systems] Multi (0) Disk (0) RDisk (0) Partition (1) / Windows = "Microsoft Windows XP Professional" / FastDetect Multi (0) Disk (0) RDisk (0) Partition (2) / Winnt = "Windows Windows 2000 Professional". Among them, Multi (0 Represents the disk controller, Disk (0) RDisk (0) represents a disk, and Partition (X) represents partition. NTLDR is the location of the system files for Windows XP Professional from here. (* This article will not explain the composition structure of Boot.ini in more detail, because it is not big in relationship with this topic. If you want to know, you can check the relevant information at some special website.) If there is only one operation in boot.ini The system option, or set the Timeout value to 0, the system does not appear in the operating system selection menu, direct direct to that unique system or the default system. After selecting the Windows XP Professional, the operating system selection phase ends, and the hardware detection phase begins. In the hardware detection phase, NTDetect.com collects a list of computer hardware information and returns the list to NTLDR. The purpose is to facilitate the addition of these hardware information to the registry HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE. Hardware.
After the hardware detection is complete, enter the configuration selection phase. If the computer contains a list of multiple hardware profiles, you can choose by pressing the up and down buttons. If there is only one hardware profile, the computer does not display this screen and loads the Windows XP Professional using the default configuration file directly. The boot phase ends. In the boot phase, the files you want to use are: NTLDR, Boot.ini, NTDetect.com, Ntokrnl.exe, NTBootdd.sys, Bootsect.dos (optional).
c) Loading the kernel stage in the loading kernel phase, NTLDR load NTOKRNL.EXE called the Windows XP kernel. The system loads the Windows XP kernel but does not initialize it. Then, the NTLDR loads the hardware abstraction layer (HAL, HAL.DLL), and then the system continues to load the hkey_local_machine / system key, and the NTLDR reads the SELECT button to determine which Control set will be loaded. Controls the drivers that contain devices and services that need to be loaded. NTLDR Load HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE / SYSTEM / service / ... The Lighter device driver is 0. When the CURRENT Control set of the mirror as a Control Set is loaded, the NTLDR passes controls to the kernel, and the kernel phase will begin.
d) Initializing the kernel stage When the initialization kernel phase starts, the colorful Windows XP logo and the progress bar are displayed in the center of the screen. At this stage, the system completes the 4 tasks that started:? The kernel used in hardware detection. Data Create a HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE / HARDWARE button. The kernel creates a Clone Control Set by reference to the default value of HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE / SYSTEM / CURRENT. The Clone Control set configuration is a backup of computer data, which does not include changes in the startup, nor will it be modified. • The system completes the initialization and load device driver, the kernel initializes the underlying driver loaded in the loading kernel phase, then the kernel scan the START key value is 1 device driver under the HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE / SYSTEM / CURRENTCONTROLSET / Service / .... These device drivers complete the initialization when loading, if there is an error, the kernel uses the ERRORCONTROL key value to determine how to handle, the value is 3, the error flag is the crisis / key, the system encounters the error will be re-regained by Lastknown New Control Set. Start, if you still generate an error using the LastkNownGood Control set, the system report starts failed, the error message will be displayed, the system stops start; the error is two when the value is 2, the system starts failed and restarted by Lastknown Control Set, if the system starts Already using the lastknownGood value, it will ignore the error and continue to start; when the value is 1, the error is normal, the system will generate an error message, but it will still ignore this error and continue to start; when the value is 0, ignore, system Will any error messages continue to run? Session Manager launched a Windows XP advanced subsystem and service, Session Manager launched the Win32 subsystem that controls all input, output devices, and access the display screen and the Winlogon process, and initialize the kernel. e) Login? Winlogon.exe launches Local Security Authority, and the Windows XP Professional Welcome screen or the login dialog is displayed, this time, the system may continue to initialize the driver just not completed in the background. ? Tip Enter a valid username or password. ? Service Controller finally executes and scans HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE / SESTEM / CURRENTCAL_MACHINE / SERVIVES to check if there is also a service that needs to be loaded, Service Controller looks for services for 2 or higher, and the service is loaded according to the value of Start and the value of DependongRoup and Depandonservice.
After the user successfully logged in to the computer, the startup of Windows XP was considered to be completed. After successful landing, the system copied Clone Control Set to LastkNowngood Control Set, after completing this step, the system means that it has been successfully guided.
