Source: - Bo Xiaochen Shen Lin Cheng Changwensen
---- "Internet business is unlimited". With the rapid development of Internet, e-commerce
Start, becoming the trend of the times. However, during the process of transformation from traditional business to e-commerce, the distribution system has always been
A bottleneck that is difficult to overcome, even the online bookstore such as Amazon, from order to receive a book, often
A few weeks.
---- In fact, many digital products can be transaction directly through the Internet, thereby avoiding the delivery
question. For digital books, magazines and sound, Internet have other programs that have other issuance channels
Potential. Take the book as an example, the release of paper books is difficult to achieve globalization, and paper books are unable to split, readers are
Some of the chapters have you had to pay the price of the whole book. Electronic issuance of digital works
Many of the brush, packaging, inventory, mailing, etc., allowing users to purchase the designated fragment of the work, not only greatly reduced
Cost, broaden the issuance channel, and give the user a larger choosing space. Digital work electronic trading system is realized
This goal means.
System design principle
---- From the perspective of consumers, the digital works electronic trading system should first be easy to use. Second
There must be rich features, in addition to the traditional sales function, you should also support services such as customization, transfer.
---- From the technical statement, this system should include the following components:
---- · Data Compression Engine
---- The first question facing digital work is data compression. For a web with considerable scale
In view of the audio and video store, the data compression algorithm is directly related to the storage cost and quality of work. Whether it is to ensure the work
Quality and sacrifice storage space, or to reduce storage costs and sacrifice quality, is not the most sensible
law. In order to adapt to the multi-level needs of the user, the data compression engine should adopt a controllable quality compression algorithm.
---- · Integrity protection
---- To ensure that the stored digital work is not damaged, a total of fragile watermarks and password methods must be established.
Integrity protection mechanism constructed.
---- · Safe payment system
---- · Copyright Identification Mechanism
---- Copyright ID is the core of digital work electronic trading system, digital watermark is the main technology of copyright identity
The means, with it is the workman logo management system and work identification management system, which is equivalent to traditional issuance system.
ISBN system.
Requirements for digital watermarking technology
---- Digital Watermarking technology in digital work electronic trading system must be used with data compression algorithms, the most
The basic requirement is that data compression cannot destroy digital watermarks.
---- Similar to all commercial systems, the digital work electronic trading system is in a complex network environment, facing
Various possible attacks, therefore the digital watermarks must have sufficient anti-attack capabilities. For example, in order to attack against splicing,
The length of the watermark cannot be too long, and there is a considerable amount of redundancy. In addition, in order to adapt to the needs of online services,
The speed of reading is fast, and the algorithm embedded in the watermark is not too complicated.
---- The feasible digital watermark scheme has the following three:
---- · Embed a watermark in the original data
---- Advantage of embedding digital watermark in raw data is that you can use various standard file formats and a lot
Digital watermark research results, because most research digital water printers have nothing to do with file format. However, this
The disadvantage of the way is also clear, and the system's designer must trade between the watermark algorithm and the compression algorithm.
---- · Embed a watermark in the compressed data stream
---- This is another extreme solution that is independent of the type of media signal, the embedding of digital watermarks is not
Will affect the content of the signal, nor does it affect the transmission rate. But this algorithm is impossible to be complicated, so it is easy to break
Solution, and it cannot resist the attack of the signal processing process such as D / A conversion.
---- · Combined with the data compression algorithm
---- In theory, it is the best solution to integrate digital watermarks and data compression, which is easy to implement for JPEG and MPEG compression. JPEG and MPGE algorithms include DCT transformations and transformations
The quantitative process, the quality of the compression depends to a large extent, and many digital water printing algorics are also
Hide information on the DCT transform coefficient. Therefore, as long as the data compression and digital watermark is considered while the transform is quantized.
In two ways, the compression process can be combined with the watermark process as one.
Business model - IMPRIMATUR
---- Imprimatur is a research project of the European Commission, mainly studying intellectual property in e-commerce
Protection plan, its goal is to reach an agreement in the electronic trading of EU member states.
---- Imprimatur puts forward the commercial model of the so-called "copyright sensitive work" online transaction, and developed
An electronic copyright management system (ECMS).
---- 1. Imprimatur Business Model
---- The so-called business model is to define basic roles and core plots during the transaction process. For numbers
In terms of electronic trading system, basic roles include work providers, media issuers, work buyers and intellectuals
Right holder.
---- The creators of digital works will give the work to the work provider for packaging and publication, and the work provider has become
Holders of intellectual property; media issuers buy digital works from the works provider, stored in the server, pass
Over WWW server for advertising; buyers use electronic payment systems to purchase digital works online; copyright holder
The sales of its works through the media issuer's server and obtain the version tax. This is imprimatur
The core plot of the commercial model (shown in the figure).
---- 2. Electronic copyright management system
---- The electronic copyright management system is the core of Imprimatur, but also the main part of the model to verify.
---- · Transmission safety and certification
---- In practical application, digital work electronic trading systems face various attacks and deceptions, so electronic
The first requirement of the copyright management system is reliable, and it is also necessary to provide an interactive certification between digital work creators.
surface. In addition to copyright sensitive information, the electronic copyright management system also secures other important data. such as,
In order to calculate the duty, the creator needs to get statistics to the sales of digital works. In order to protect consumers
Interests, media data with copyright information also require security when transmitting on the network.
---- In order to meet the needs of transmission safety, Imprimatur uses standard SSL security protocols, which are full
Open-ended requests for client applications, but also realize client / server authentication and transmission of public key systems.
data encryption. Currently, most web browsers support SSL protocols and public key systems, so they will not give it in applications.
Users bring trouble.
----· Uniquely identifies
---- In order to clarify the various rights and interests in the digital works trading system, the electronic copyright management system provides one
A registration code issued agency similar to the ISBN system. Imprimatur has three unique identification information, namely
Author ID, copyright owner identity, and issuer identifier.
---- · Digital Watermark System
---- Although IMPrimatur does not prevent illegal copy, the digital watermark system can provide copy
Probation tracking of products. Before the transfer of digital works, the work creator can embed your own creative marker watermark;
After the transfer, the media issuer is in watermarking the work stored in the server, joining the issuer mark;
When a copy of the work, the media issuer has to join the sales tag.
---- In order to accommodate various digital media, Imprimatur has developed a series of watermark models, including digital maps.
Like, audio, video, etc. Even so, it is also difficult to adapt to the rapid development of multimedia technology, so IMPRIMATUR
Provides support for third-party digital watermark plugins.
---- The electronic trading system of digital work is still in the development phase, and Imprimatur is just a research.
Sexual model. The structure of various cultural e-commerce systems in the future will be a thousand words, but no matter how digital works
What is the structure of a trading system, the role of digital watermarks will not change, and its status is also unable to replace other technologies.
of.
