Radar remote sensing (microwave remote sensing) can be divided into two ways to active and passive. The passive mode is similar to visible light and infrared remote sensing, which is a microwave radiation that receives the surface target by a microwave scanning radiometer. At present, most of the star-loaded radar uses a proactive mode, that is, the electromagnetic wave is transmitted from the remote sensing platform, and then receives the radiation and scatter echo signal, and the rear-directional scatter coefficient and dielectric constant are mainly detected. The wavelength of the electromagnetic waves it emits is generally longer, between 1 mm to 1 m. The proposal of the synthetic aperture radar (SAR) concept is proposed relative to the true aperture radar antenna. For true aperture radar, when the radar fame with the vectors (aircraft or satellite), the radar beam is transmitted to the surface, and then the ground reflection signal is received, so that the surface radar image is obtained. We know that the longer the satellite radar antenna, the higher the observation resolution on the object. Due to the limit of the length of the radar antenna, the surface resolution of the real aperture radar is often very low, it is difficult to meet the application requirements. The synthetic aperture radar is solving the problem of obtaining a high resolution radar image using a limited radar antenna length. Synthetic aperture radar (SAR, Synthetic Aperture Radar) technique interferometric synthetic aperture radar (INSAR, Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar, abbreviation: Radar Interferometry) technique and differential interferometric synthetic aperture radar (D-INSAR, Differential Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar, Acronym : Differential interference radar) The basis of technology, which relates to side view radar systems, radar wave signal processing technology, and generation of radar images. The interference radar technology and differential interference radar technology are image processing methods and models based on synthetic aperture radar technology, and is the application extension and expansion of synthetic aperture radar technology. Synthetic aperture radar interference measurement technology (INSAR, Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar; Interferring Radar Measurement) is the basic processing data in two SAR images in the same area, and obtain interference images by obtaining the phase difference of the two SAR images, then The spatial pair observation of the terrain elevation data was obtained from the interference stripes. Differential interference radar measurement technology (D-INSAR) refers to two interference images in the same area, one is an interference image obtained by the two SAR before deformation event, and the other is two SAR images before and after the deformation event. The interference image is obtained, and then the measurement technique of surface trace deformation is obtained by two interference diagram differential processing (removing the Earth Surface, Topography). Synthetic aperture radar interference measurement technology is a new spatial pair observation technology developed in the past decade, which is the subject of spatial test technology with space technology such as GPS, VLBI and SLR. From 1978, the launch of L-band SAR Radar Satellite SEASAT SAR was used to 2000 "Evergiving" aerospace aircraft for high-precision interference measurement for global terrain. From 1992, the first use of differential interference radar was measured on the United States Landers earthquake. It is widely used in the measurement of earthquake, volcano, glacier, landslide, etc., there is no powerful technical advantage and application potential of synthetic aperture radar technology. Since the synthetic aperture radar adopts the active remote sensing mode, there is a full day, all day time. It is compared to other discrete point measurement techniques, its measurement results have a continuous space coverage advantage, and it is an unprecedented, very developable space-to-earth observation technology. This research center has carried out an algorithm and theoretical model of interference radar measurement technology (INSAR) and Di-INSAR).
