Grid calculation, forum is
http://www.ggf.org. The main idea of the grid is to integrate distribution, heterogeneous resources, virtualization, in a unified interface form, presented to the user. Here, the meaning of resources is wide, and it can refer to CPU, Memory, Disk, files, processes, and more. The current grid application seems to be mainly "connecting" distributed supercomputers in different places, conduct basic scientific research, such as weather, earthquake, biological information, high energy physics, etc. That is, the application of scientific calculations, "big projects" in the field of high performance, mostly involved in government, universities and academic institutions.
The technical route of the grid, from Globus, is a middleware located between "physical resources" and grid applications. Physical resources include both hardware resources, including operating systems, existing networks, etc. That is, the grid does not change the existing thing. Grid is built on existing things, providing an abstraction layer for the upper layer application.
China National Grid (
CNGRID)
http://www.grid.org.cn/. It is the specific implementation of the Globus technology route. The grid main node includes
Chinese Academy of Sciences Network Center (Beijing),
Shanghai Super Computing Center (Shanghai). Other mesh nodes have
Tsinghua University (Beijing) Institute of Applied Physics (Beijing) University of Science and Technology (Hefei, Anhui) Xi'an Jiaotong University (Xi'an, Shaanxi) University of Defense Technology (Changsha, Hunan) University of Hong Kong (Hong Kong) Calculation Center (Beijing)
Grid software, October 2004, China National Grid Integration Environment V1.0 software package based on VEGA GOS V1.1, the first batch of demonstration grid nodes are the Chinese Academy of Sciences Network Center, Shanghai Super Culture, Tsinghua University and Beijing Nine. See the Snapshot of the package grid portal.
basic concepts
The main idea of grid calculation is to integrate distribution, heterogeneous resources, virtualization, dynamic organizations, presented to users in a unified interface. Here, the meaning of resources is wide, and it can refer to CPU, Memory, Disk, files, and more. Current grid applications seem to be mainly "interconnect" to distribute supercomputers in different places, constitute virtual organization (VO), perform basic scientific research, such as weather, biological information, high energy physics, etc. That is to say, the application of scientific calculations is mostly, most of which are high performance calculations, participated by government, university, academic research institutions.
The technical route of the grid, from Globus, is a middleware located between "physical resources" and grid applications. Physical resources include both hardware resources, including local operating systems, existing network protocols, and the like. The grid does not change the existing infrastructure, at least do not do this, but is built on the existing thing, providing an abstract layer interface for the upper application.
The grid's node can be a super server, which can be a PC. As long as the software that meets the grid protocol is the part of the grid? So, can you say that, the nature of the grid is a set of network protocols. At present, it is OGSA and other practices describe the grid look. Similar to TCP / IP defining traditional Internet?
The above can be understood as a common mesh, which is the current work of the GGF forum. It is generally believed that the grid allows computer applications to become a service, such as telecommunications, television, water supply, power supply such as telecommunications, TV, water supply, and power supply. It can use electricity to use electric sockets at home; then, inserted with the network cable, you can use grid. Don't care about where resources come from. Just, there is currently less than a wide range. Weaving active grid system with Globus GT3.
The Web Service is also a set of standards on the existing network protocol, such as above the protocols such as HTTP or SOAP. Describe a service using WSDL (Web Service Descript Language?). WEB SERVICE has been widely implemented by the industry, such as VS.NET, SunOn, etc. UDDI: Universal Description, discovery, and integration, unified description discovery integration. UDDI provides a set of descriptions and discovery services, based on SOAP and WSDL specification, and provides a set of Internet-based implementations. A set of web services seems to have been absorbed into the grid specification?
Dagger architecture. The original text of the thesis, the "Dagger, a mesh computer architecture, computer research and development of declaced coupling, December 2002.
Dagger's main idea can be summarized as "split", "part Internet". The so-called split is to separate the CPU, Memory, DISK, KVM (keyboard display and mouse) constituting the machine, separate from the current position, form a loosely coupled architecture. It can be more flexible, for example, "Gridkvm): Remote Sharing KVM.
In terms of interconnect, the concept of "grid switch" "grid router" is proposed. This and the second layer / third switch, the router is not a layer, the mesh switch "is exchanged through the data exchange of the resource layer. Internal resource sharing and application coordinating. Grid routers, "Routes between grid servers, apply load balancers; from grid terminals to grid server firewall, proxy, security authentication, GSML (grid service tag language) service application route; with traditional router The difference is that it is a service-class route. " That is to say, in the application layer, is a high-level routing concept?
Down's operating system's operating system can be dynamically loaded, flexible; "Stored in the form of IP SAN, providing device and managing virtualization, providing online dynamic extension of device layers." Dynamic deployment, improve flexibility, administrators can manage cluster systems more flexibly. The goal is to form "method and technology of high performance computer systems, improve system productivity, scalability, manageability."
Dagger is "a decisive grid computer architecture, which is essentially a method of computer system organization, without changing the programming mode of the application, which is different from SMP, MPP, NUMA, and Cluster."
DSAG, the original text of Fan Jianping Chen Mingyu, gridization dynamic self-organizational architecture DSAG, computer research and development, December 2002.
"Independent grid CPU, Memory, and Disk resources, through dynamic mapping, traditional architectural architectures". "Due to the different places distributed in the network, there will no longer exist a fixed, physical computer system that constitutes a computer system, can be applied and released through the network dynamics, according to the needs of the application And the available resources are dynamically prepared. "In the DSAG, there should be no main board of the traditional PC, and each component is not placed in a chassis.
"Various computing resources are no longer fully controlled by the operating system, but itself constitutes an independent network service with self-description capabilities, and the operating system module interacts with various resource servers through the network protocol."
It seems that DSAG's idea is to separate traditional components such as CPU, Memory, Disk, and then communicate via the network interface. Stored netization is already reality. As a promotion, I thought of the network of CPUs and networkization of memory?
"Different types of functional components will reduce the dependencies between components. There is no longer inherent coupling between different components of the constituent system, which will facilitate the upgrade and expansion of separate components." "Grid means each function The components have formed a separate network service with self-description functions. This shows that the functional components such as network memory are not simple "passive components", which should be self-description.
In short, the goal of DSAG seems to improve the flexibility of the system, can dynamically organize, and configure. The way is to open each traditional component and then network. The paper did not describe the specific implementation of the DSAG system, but considered to be one of the key technologies.
Safe consideration
The grid's security system is called GSI, which seems to be more complicated, because of the complex network structure of the grid, local security facilities of each node, and so on. While shielding differences, it is necessary to meet the safety needs.
Among them, "Agent Certificate" is one of the key technologies of grid security. Because the network resources are dynamic, the change is often relatively fast, the "Agent Certificate" aims to solve the security certification problem in a transient time period, and the grid users only need to enter the necessary security information when they are first visited. After certification, the authentication that occurs during the process of the mesh resource, is done by the proxy or multiple agents. Specific implementation can be referred to the security in GT3.
That is, security issues in the grid environment have its particularity, which is determined by the characteristics of the grid environment, such as isomer, dynamic.
The underlying safety facilities are various, such as firewalls, IPsec, SSL, SSH, Kerbous, etc. These traditional security technology can be used for specific problems. Grid security specification, can not exclude local security strategies.
Security issues in Dagger can be solved at different levels.
Traditionally, such as firewalls, SSH, etc. For example, you can solve the problem of remote login of the user.
Dagger as a cluster, if you take the grid master node, then, in general, you have to run Globus Toolkit, there will be some grid applications. At this time, the security issue should be resolved by GSI for GSI. The technical should not have a big obstacle, mainly for the specific environment, to talk about safety issues.
