Unix FAQ

The following questions for this article: 1.1) Who will help you make this FAQ? 1.2) When someone mentions 'RN (1)' or 'ctime (3)', what is the number of scrapes ? 1.3) Some strange UNIX command names? 1.4) "Comp.unix.questions" and "Info-UNIX" Mailing List How to work? 1.5) Please recommend some useful UNIX, C related books. 1.6) Previously in this FAQ pronunciation table Where have you been? 1.1) Who helps you will make this FAQ? This file is one of the first few FAQs, compiled in July 1989. The entire editor is almost all STEVE HAYMAN. I just take over the maintenance of this document. We are very grateful to the problem, reaction, correction and proposal proposed by UseNet readers. Special thanks to Maarten Litmaath, Guy Harris and Jonathan Kamens, they all contribute more. The 5th part of this file is almost entirely Matthew wicks written. The sixth part of this file (various UNIX) is almost entirely Pierre (p.) Lewis I am trying to put the authors of each problem with the date of the date with the last updated date. beginning. Unfortunately, because I have recently started doing this, many information has been lost. I am also negotiated to save the list of the latest information. I apologized here for those who have contributions and not received. I turned this file to * ROFF format (both MS and MM have both Macro). Andrewcromarty converts it to TexInfo format. These formatted versions can be obtained by AnonymousFTP at ftp.wg.omron.co.jp Pub / Unix-FAQ / DOCS. 1.2) When someone mentions 'RN (1)' or 'cTIME (3)', shaving What is the number of arcs mean what? It looks like a function call, but it is not. These numbers refer to the chapter of the file in the file in the UNIX manual. When you play "Man 3 CTIME", it is indicated that you want to review the contents of CTIME in Section 3. Phrasing traditional Unix manual: 1 User-level commands 2 System calls 3 Library functions 4 Devices and device drivers 5 File formats 6 Games 7 Various miscellaneous stuff - macro packages etc. 8 System maintenance and operation commands using non-digital versions of some Unix Chapter name. For example, Xenix's instructions use "C" to function "S". Some relatively new Unix versions have to be "Man -s # Title" instead of "Man # title". There is a profile in each section, with the number of people, "Man # INTRO" can read the introduction of the #. Sometimes it is necessary to distinguish between the command and the same name. For example, your system may have "Time (1)", and there is a description of the time command for the 'Time' measurement, and "TIME (3)", about 'Time' This is used to determine the current time. Description of the formula. You can choose which "time" you want to see with "Man 1 Time" or "Man 3 Time".

Perhaps you have other chapters or subsection, 3M, 3N, 3X and 3YP like Ultrix. 1.3) Some strange Unix command names AWK = "Aho Weinberger and kernighan" is named with the owner Al Aho, Peter Weinberger and Brian Kernighan's last name. GREP = "Global Regular Expression Print" GREP All prints from ED All consistent with a Pattern directive g / re / p "replan" representative regular expression fgrep = "fixed grep". FGREP □ Find a fixed string. "f" does not represent "FAST" - in fact, "fgrep foobar * .c" is usually slower than "egrep foobar * .c" (a little accident, do not believe, try). Despite this, FGREP still has it, when searching for strings in the file, the number of strings that FGREP can process is more than EGREP. EGREP = "extended grep" EGREP is used than GREP more fancy's Regular Rexpression. Many people always use only EGREP because it uses Algorithm than the advanced in GREP or FGREP, and is usually the fastest in three programs. Cat = "catenate" catenate is a hard-known single word, meaning "put it into a string", this is the process of "CAT" this command to one or more files. Don't confuse C / A / T, C / A / T refers to a Computer Aid Typesetter. Gecos = "General Electric Comprehensive Operating Supervisor" However, when the large system department of General Electric (GE) is sold to Honeywell, Honeywell takes the Gecos's E. The "PW_gecos" field is still owned by UNIX's password file. This name is from the ancient morning era. Dennis Ritchie has said: "Sometimes we throw the printing form or the entire batch of work to the GCOS machine. The GCOS field in the password file is used to hide the information on the $ Ident card, which is not elegant." nroff = "new roff" troff = "typesetter new roff" is derived from "roff", and Roff is rewriting the Runoff program on Multics (the meaning of runoff is "print file"). TEE = T This is the term line worker, represents a T-type pipeline fork. BSS = "block started by Symbol" Dennis Ritchie once said: This abbreviation may have other sayings, but in fact, we use this abbreviation to "block started by symbol". It is a virtual instruction on the FAP (FAP (FOTRAN Assembly [-er?] Program refers to the model of the model of IBM 704-709-7090-7094. This instruction defines its own label and reserves a certain number of word group space.

There is another virtual instruction BES, which is "Block Ended By Symbol", almost the same as the BSS directive, and the bouting is that the label is defined in the location 1 of the tail end of the reserved word group space. On these machines, the array of Fortran is stored in reverse direction, and the index of the array is calculated from 1. This usage is reasonable because this is the same as the standard device loader on UNIX, and the program code is not really put in this whole reserved space, but in a number of numbers, it is true when loaded. Set the required reserved space. BIFF = "BIFF" instruction is used to set up when you have a new message coming in. This is the name of a dog in the campus of Berclai University. I can determine the origin of this name. If you are interested, Biff is the pet of Heidi STETTTNER, I want to be HEIDI (and Bill Joy), and the early BSD version is still developing. BIFF is attacked by these people who have flowed in evans Halls, but also known as they will call the postage of the coming; therefore, as the name of the directive in BIFF. (This is the Eric Cooper confirmed by Carnegi Mei University) RC (like ".cshrc" or "/ etc / rc" in these two letters) = "Runcom" "RC" is taken from "Runcom ", CTSS system from MIT in 1965 in 1965. Related literature has recorded this paragraph: 'With a series of commands to take a series of commands from the file; this is called "run commands" is also called "runcom", and this file is also called a Runcom (a runcom). 'Brian Kernighan and Dennis Ritchie tell Vicki Brown saying: "RC" is also the name of the Plan 9 job system shell. Perl = "PRACTIAL EXTRAction and report language" Perl = "pathology" Perl is a very popular language developed by Larry Wall, Perl is in place, process, very convenient with the file, can be said to be The shell and C are long. Want to know more about Perl, please see UseNet NewsGroup Comp.lang.Perl. Don Libes has more book anecdotes in the "Life with Unix" book. 1.4) "Comp.unix.questions" and "Info-UNIX" Mailing List How to work? "Info-UNIX" and "Unix-Wizards" are comp.unix.questions and Comp.unix.Wizards, respectively Mailing-list. The content of Mailing List and NewSGroup should be the same to join or exit any mailing list, send email to info-unix-quest@brl.mil or unix-wizards-Request@brl.mil. Remember to join or exit mailing list is given to "*-Request@brl.mil". Please feel patiently because you will not have to respond immediately.

Under the bottom is the detailed detail of the maintenance of the Mailing List, which provides detailed details about these mailing lists. ==== Postings to Info-UNIX and UNIX-WIZARDS LISTS === I personally not regulate the content of the mailing list, and any letters sent to this mailing list will be attached to the corresponding news group. BRL is just simple transfer. In this Mailing List, please send an article to the NewGroup, please send to Info-UNIX or Unix-Wizards, '-Request' is the letter to be given to the maintainer of Mailing List. The Internet users on this mailing list will receive two types of messages, one is a separate discussion article, and the other is a collection of multi-artificial discussion. The message sent to BRL from the Internet or BitNet (through BitNet ← → Internet Convert) will forward each user in the Mail List. Articles sent from Usenet send all members of Mailing List in a daily basis. BitNet's Internet traffic is very similar to Internet traffic. The main points are: For all BitNets in Mailing List, I only need to maintain an email address, let the recipients in this address maintain all recipient information, and automatically forward all articles to Mailing List Each subscriber on the upper place can be. Subses on the USENET will only read their own independent messages, all messages sent from the Internet turn to our machine on the USENET, and then attached to the appropriate discussion area. Unfortunately, these articles that passed through the conversion program will become news @ BRL-ADM, which is the innate constraint that the conversion software has not yet resolved. As for the reader group, UseNet is a place with the majority of readers. I estimate that there are about thousands of hosts and tens of thousands of users to participate in the USETNET. The main LIST maintained by BRL is about 250, about 10% of the local transfer list. I don't know how to transfer the number of bits, but if you want me to guess, the number is about the main List. Average a list of 150K to 400K information is available within a week. 1.5) Please recommend some useful UNIX, C related books. Mitch Wright (Mitch@cirrus.com) maintains a list of UNIX and C-related books, including introduction and short comments. At present, there are 167 "pub / mitch / yabl / yabl" of FTP.rahul.net (192.160.13.1) on his table. To join new content or provide recommendation to send email to mitch@cirrus.com. Samuel Ko (Kko@sfu.ca) maintains a UNIX related books. This list only contains the recommendation, so short. This table is a list of classifications, and if you are looking for a book for a particular condition type, this table is undoubtedly more appropriate. "Pub / UseNet / News.ans.answers / Books / Unix" of RTFM.mit.edu is this table. To join new content or provide recommendation to send email to kko@sfu.ca. If you can't use anonymouse ftp, email to "ftpmail@decwrl.dec.com" letter written "Help", then you will receive a letter that teaches you how to get an Anonymous in email.