General / Fundamentals Questions & Answers
1. How Would you redesign an atm?
--ATM Machine Would You Give "Three Strikes" Failure. This is what i hate the most. So I would address the card. For example, let usr Have Way To Add A Secrete Question and answer to That quothes.
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--I Would Orient The Display TO Eliminate The Opportunity for Overlookers To View It - IE. Make it horizontal like a table.
--I would eliminate the masking of account information behind names such as' checking ',' savings', etc. and ensure that at least the balances are always displayed. This would help eliminate a good deal of 'you do not have enough Funds'-Type Msgs.
--Add An Undo Capability Where Appropriate, I.E. for TransferS / Deposits. It would join the original transaction.
--Remember the MOST Common Transactions Done by the user and make the macros automaticly.
--I Would Ad a Way for The System To Intermingle DiffERENT LANGUAGES DURING The Transaction. This Way, You Could Learn How To Take Out Money In Foreign Languages. Cool.
--Some possibilities are: security, user interface, user privacy, minimize datacom traffic, make ATM cheaper to build / program Like all engineering, it's a matter of balancing tradeoffs If we were optimizing for user interface, the first thing to do.. is to analyze what we're doing to annoy current users and stop doing that (application of basic Hippocratic Oath "above all do no harm"). One basic UI problem I've noticed with many ATMs is that the keyboard is not near the Screen. Uses Need to Keep Shifting Eye Focus. This Change Might Make Atms More Expensive To Build ... SO We're Back to Making Engineering TradeOffs.2. What is a balanced tree?
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3. How Would You Decide What To Test for Given That Twasty Isn't for Given Test Everything You Want To?
--Prioritize what you want to test, in the order, .whether is taking right input and giving right output, .whether all the output conditions expected are meet, .which really can crash the system, checking the boundary conditions.which really annoy THE USER, HANGING ETC..WHICH CAN CAUSE LOSS OF DATA, LIKE MEMORY CORRUPTION, MEMORY Leaks etc?
--Use the requirements to dictate your tests. If you can ship it. THATH'S'S'SHOW THEY DO IT A MS. :-)
--If you are a tester, ask the developer or the manager for more time or simply automize a part of testing so that multiple parts of the system can be tested in parallel. The product should and can not be shipped without complete testing.
- The goal of any project is to test the entire code base interests. The quality of a product is a factor similar to features and resources required. Testing for most products should be prioritized the same way features are.So, automate as much as possible and ensure that the most important features are tested.
4. What is lex? Yacc? What are the used for?
5. Tell me About Fundamentals of RPC.
Remote Procedure Call (RPC) is a protocol that one program can use to request a service from a program located in another computer in a network without having to understand network details. (A procedure call is also sometimes known as a function call or a subroutine call.) RPC uses the client / server model. The requesting program is a client and the service-providing program is the server. Like a regular or local procedure call, an RPC is a synchronous operation requiring the requesting program to be suspended until the results of the remote procedure are returned. However, the use of lightweight processes or threads that share the same address space allows multiple RPCs to be performed concurrently. When program statements that use RPC are compiled into an executable program, a stub is included in the Compiled Code That Acts As The Reperestative of The Remote Procedure Code .hen The Program Is Run and The Procedure Call Is Issued, The Stub Receives The Request and Forwards It To a CL ient runtime program in the local computer. The client runtime program has the knowledge of how to address the remote computer and server application and sends the message across the network that requests the remote procedure. Similarly, the server includes a runtime program and stub that interface With the remote procedure itself. Results are returned The Same Way.6. TradeOff Between Time Spute In Testing a Product and Getting Into The Market First.
- in Microsoft's Case. SHIP IT OUT. WHO CARES ABOUT BUGS ... JUST FIX It in the next release.
- I Think IT Depends More on The Market Situation ... Many a Times, in The Hi-Tech Market, You are going to becombet, you are going to becomt guy out with the product. It is really real importantant. IT is real to be the market pioneer. If the market demands it, u better get the product out and ask the developers and testers to go to hell. Getting a prototype of the product into the market is the least you can do. At the same time if you can afford the time (no pressure from competitors, new entrants, substitute products or buyers) then do as much as testing as possible. The balance between testing and the release should totally depend on the market! 7. You're part of the qa team for a large web-site. You want to create as much. What could / would you test? How? How much maintenance? How? How much maintenance? How to change?
I Write Automated Tests That Do The Following:
1. A Poller That Just Checks to See if The site is Up and Running. 2. A Test Take Pushes A Lot of Test Data To The Site and Measure Time Taken for Push. 3. A Test That Pulls a Lot of Test Data from site and measure time taken. 4. programatically invoke applets, ActiveX controls and verify results of operation. 5. Simulate a multiple user scenario and stress out the web site, determine its breaking point.
8. What Would Be Your Language Of Choice For Implementing CGI Program ON A Web Server? Why?
I Think Perl Has Extremely flexible and not a strict language by any means. Ideal for quick and dirty. Web Applications.
9. How do you multiply a variable by 16 without using the multiplication operator '*'?
10. How do you swap two integers? In #
A = a b; b = a-b; a = a-b; a becomes (a xor b) b becomes (b xor a) a becomes (a xor b)
= A * b; b = a / b; a = a / b
11. What Was The Most Difficult Program you had to write?
12. Describe The Most Interesting Software Project You've Done in School.
13. Name 7 Layers of Osi Models and define their functionality.
7. Electrical / Physical --------------------- Responsible for Defining Various Electrical Standards, Like Standardized Cables, Bit Stream Standards etc, to be used while Communicating Between Hosts Computers.
6. Link Layer ------------- Responsible for Encoding & Subsequentde-Coding of Data Packets At VariousNetwork Points.
5. NetWork Layer ---------------- Responsible for Providing Logical Paths Fordata Packets To Pass Through. It BasicallyProvides Switching & Routing Facilities.
4. Transport Layer ------------------ Responsible for TRANPARENT flow of databetween HOSTS (Computers), without dueconsideration to HARDWARE details. Thislayer is not concerned as to which applications are sharing data Rather Itis Only Concerned with TransferringData Packets from One Point To Another-
3. Session Layer ---------------- Responsible for Maintaining a Registry Ofall Currently Active Connections from Various Hosts (Computers).
2. Presentation Layer --------------------- Responsible for isolating Different DataFormats from Each Other. EX .: EncryptionProcess Involves The Automatic Conversionof Application Data Format To NetWork Format & Vice -Versa.
1. Application Layer -------------------- Responsible for end-user friendly protocols, like http, ftp, telnet etc. SoftwareDevelopers Directly Intect with thislayer of protocol to write proteprms .
