One sentence question and answer (network unrelated article network related articles)
--------------------------------------------- -------
0001
Modify the host name
Vi / etc / sysconfig / network, modify Hostname first behavior hostname = host name, can also take effect after restart
0002
RET HAT Linux boot to the text interface (not starting xwindow)
The / etc / inittab ID: 5: InitDefault: 5 in a row is changed to 3
0003
Automatic problem of redhat
Find patch at www.redhat.com/corp/support/errata / 6.1 later with a work
With UP2DATE, it can measure which RPM packets need to be upgraded, and then automatically download from the Redhat site and complete the installation.
0004
WINDOWS under the Linux partition software
Paragon.ext2fs.Anywhere.2.5.rar and explore2fs-1.00-pre4.zip
0005 0005
mount usage
FAT32 partition mount -o codepage = 936, octharset = cp936 / dev / hda7 / mnt / cdrom
ISO file mount -o loop /abc.iso / mnt / cdrom
Floppy disk mount / dev / fd0 / mnt / floppy
USB flash Mount / dev / sda1 / mnt / cdrom
All / etc / fstab content mount -a
You can specify the file format "-t format", the format can be VFAT, EXT2, EXT3, etc.
0006
FAT partitions using local hard drives in VMware's Linux
Share your local FAT partition and then use SMBFS hanging in VMware. You can put the following line to / etc / fstab:
// Win_IP / D $ / MNT / D SMBFS DEFAULTS, AUTO, UserName = Win_Name, Password = Win_Pass, CodePage = 936, IOCHAREST = GB2312 0 0
Where Win_IP is your Windows IP address;
D $ is a shared name of the D disk shared in your Windows;
/ MNT / D is the directory of the partition mount to Linux;
Win_Name and Win_Pass are users in your Windows to read the partition, such as your administrator name and password.
If you run /etc/rc.d/init.d/netfs, you will automatically mount this partition when starting.
0007.a 0007.A
Delete files named -A
Rm ./-a
RM - -A tells RM This is the last option, see getopt
LS -I lists Inum, then use Find. -inum Inum_OF_THISFILE -EXEC RM '{}' /;
0007.b
Delete files named / A
RM // a
0007.c 0007.c
Delete the / and '/ 0' files
These characters are characters that are not allowed by the normal file system, but may be generated in the file name, such as the NFS file system under UNIX is used on the Mac system.
1. Solve the method, remove the NFS file system to delete files with a special file name under the system that is not filtered '/' characters.
2. Also, remove the other files of the error file name, LS -ID displays the inum, umount file system containing the file directory,
CLRI Clears the directory of Inum, Fsck, Mount, Check Your Lost Found, Rename the file in it.
It is best to delete file names for any file name through Windows FTP! 0007.D
Delete files with invisible characters
List the file name and dump to file: ls -l> aaa
Then edit the contents of the file join the RM command to make its content into the format of the above file:
VI AAA
[rm -r *******
]
Plus the file with the execution permission CHMOD X AAA
Execute $ AAA
0007.e
Delete files with file size zero
Rm -i `find ./ -size 0`
Find ./ -size 0 -exec rm {} /;
Find ./ -size | xargs rm -f & very valid
For file in * # ourselves define file types that need to be deleted
DO
IF [! -s $ {file}]
THEN
RM $ {file}
Echo "RM $ File Success!"
Fi
DONE
0008
Redhat setting roller mouse
After entering X, select the configuration of the mouse, select Wheel Mouse (PS / 2).
0009
Mack xwindow
Start with Linux CD, select Upgrade, then select the package separately, install it.
0010
Delete Linux partitions
Do a PARTITION MAGIC launch floppy disk, delete it after startup. Or start with the Win2000 boot CD and then delete.
0011
The newly compiled GCC, the standard connection library used is under / usr / local / lib, but how the default connection path used is / usr / lib added? (Sakulagi) (Sakulagi) in addition to each compile
Export LD_Library_Path = $ LD_LIBRARY_PATH: / USR / LOCAL / LIB
Write ~ / .bash_profile.
0012
Do not compile the kernel, Mount NTFS partition
Original RH8, not upgraded or compiled kernel
1. Search on Google.com and download kernel-NTFS-2.4.18-14.i686.rpm
2. rpm -ivh kernel-NTFS-2.4.18-14.i686.rpm
3. MKDIR / MNT / C
4. Mount -T NTFS / DEV / HDA1 / MNT / C
0013
Using XMMS in Redhat 8.0 MP3
Download www.gurulabs.com/files/xmms-mp3-1.2.7-13.p.i386.rpm
RPM -UVH XMMS-MP3-1.2.7-13.p.i386.rpm
0014
Retrieve the forgotten root password (Lilo / Grub)
Three ways:
1. Go to the single user status in the system, change directly with Passwd root
2. Use the installation CD boot system to carry out the Linux Rescue state, the original / partition mount, the data is as follows:
CD / MNT
Mkdir HD
Mount -T Auto / DEV / HDAX (partition number where the original / partition is located) HD
CD HD
Chroot ./
Passwd root
This can be done
3. Take the hard disk of this unit and hang it on other Linux systems. The way is used as the second
RH8
One. LILO
1. Type Linux Single when LILO: Tips
Screen display LILO: Linux Single
2. Enter to enter the Linux command line directly
3. #vi / etc / shadow
Put the first line, that is, ROOT: and next: The previous content is removed,
The first line will be similar to
root :: ......
save
4. #Reboot restart, the root password is empty
II. GRUB1. When the GRUB screen appears, use the top button to select the one you usually start "Don't choose DOS 哟), then press the E key.
2. Use the up and down button to select the one you usually start in LINUX (similar to kernel /boot/vmlinuz-2.4.18-14 ROOT = Label = /), then press E to
3. Modify the command line you see now, join Single, as follows:
Kernel /Boot/vmlinuz-2.4.18-14 Single Ro root = label = /
4. Enter back, then press B to start, you can directly enter the Linux command line
5. #vi / etc / shadow
Put the first line, that is, ROOT: and next: The previous content is removed,
The first line will be similar to
root :: ......
save
6. #Reboot restart, the root password is empty
0015
Failure Ctrl Alt DEL
Vi / etc / inittab
Comment Ca :: ctrlatdder: / sbin / shutdown -t3 -r now, you can
0016
GCC abc.c gets A.out can't run
./a.out
0017
Which file is in which rpm is in this?
Search on www.rpmfind.net, or RPM -QF file name
0018
Delicate the information of Man or INFO as a text file
Take TCSH as an example:
MAN TCSH | col -b> tcsh.txt
Info TCSH -O TCSH.TXT -S
0019
Use the existing two files to generate a new file
1. Remove the pane of two files (repeated rows, reserved a copy)
2. Remove the intersection of two files (only the files existing in both files)
3. Delete the intersection, leave other lines
Cat file1 file2 | sort | UNIQ
2. Cat file1 file2 | sort | UNIQ -D
3. Cat file1 file2 | sort | uniq -u
0020
Set up COM1, let the super terminal login through the COM1 port
Confirm with / sbin / agharge, edit / etc / inittab, add
7: 2345: Respawn: / sbin / agharge / dev / ttys0 9600
9600bps is because the lack of router is generally this rate, or it can be formed.
19200, 38400, 57600, 115200
Modify / etc / securetty, add a line: TTYS0, make sure the root user can log in
Restart the machine, you can unplug the mouse keyboard display (it is best to look at the output information when starting)
0021
Delete directory all files include subdirectory
RM -RF directory name
0022
View system information
CAT / Proc / CPUInfo - CPU (I.E. Vendor, MHz, Flags Like MMX)
CAT / Proc / Interrupts - Interrupt
CAT / Proc / Ioports - Device IO Port
CAT / Proc / Meminfo - Memory Information (I.E. MEM Used, Free, Swap Size)
CAT / Proc / Partitions - All partitions of all devices
CAT / PROC / PCI - Information of PCI Equipment
CAT / Proc / Swaps - Information on all SWAP partitions
CAT / Proc / Version - Linux version is equivalent to uname -R
0023
Remove extra carriage return
Sed 's / ^ m //' Test.sh> back.sh, pay attention to ^ m is a knocking Ctrl_v Ctrl-M or Dos2Unix FileName
0024
Switch X Desktop (LNX3000)
SwitchDesk KDE or SwitchDesk Gnome
0025
Universal sound card driver (LNX3000)
OSS
Www.opensound.com/ ALSA
Www.alsa-project.org/
0026
Change the system language / character set (BEMING)
Modify / etc / sysconfig / i18n file, such as
Lagn = "en_us", xwindow will display the English interface,
LAGN = "zh_cn.gb18030", XWindow will display the Chinese interface.
0027
Set the screen to 90 columns
Stty cols 90
0028
Use MD5SUM files
MD5SUM ISOFILE> HASHFILE, the MD5SUM file is compared with the Hashfile file content comparison, verification
Whether it is consistent MD5SUM -C Hashfile
0029
Unzip multiple ZIP files at a time
Unzip "*", pay attention to quotation marks less
0030
Look at the PDF file
Use XPDF or install Acrobat Reader for Linux
0031
Find the file for the right limit
Find. -type f / (-perm -04000 -o -perm -02000 /) -exec ls -lg {} /;
0032
Install Chinese input method
Take RedHat8 as an example, xwindow and its terminal don't have to say it, the default is installed, exhaled with Ctrl-Space.
Now discuss pure console, please download zhcon.gnuchina.org/download/src/encha-0.2.1.tar.gz,
In either directory, TAR XVFZ ENCON-0.2.1.tar.gz, CD ENCON-0.2.1, ./configure,
Make, make install. End of installation, want to use, run zhcon, want to exit, run the exit.
0033
Receive the pop-up CD (Beike)
#eject -t
--------------------------------------------- -------
0001
Let Apache's default character set to Chinese
Find AddDefaultCharset ISO8859-1, change to Adddefaultcharset GB2312
0002
Permanently change IP
IFConfig Eth0 new IP
Then edit / etc / sysconfig / network-scripts / ifcfg-eth0, modify IP
0003
Windows desktop remotely displayed from Linux (LNX3000)
Install RDESKTOP package
0004
Manually add a default gateway
Execute: Route Add Default GW Gateway IP
Want to change the gateway
1 Vi / etc / sysconfig / network-scripts / ifcfg-eth0
Change Gateway
2 /etc/init.d/network restart
0005 0005
Redhat 8.0 MSN and QQ
Download Gaim version 0.58:
Www.linuxsir.org/gaim/gaim-0.58-2.i386.rpm
Download QQ plugin for GCC2.9:
www.linuxsir.org/gaim/libqq-0.0.3-ft-0.58-gcc296.so.gz
Place the downloaded file in / temp directory, then delete the GAIM already in the system, that is, in the terminal emulator: RPM-E Gaim. start installation
Open the terminal simulator and continue to perform the following command to install the Gaim version 0.58, namely:
CD / TEMP (enter the temp directory)
RPM-IVH GAIM-0.58-2.i386.rpm (installation software)
When the installation is successful, you can build a GAIM icon on the GNOME or KDE desktop.
Continue to install the QQ plugin, type the command:
Gunzip libqq-0.0.3-ft-0.58-gcc296.so.gz (unzip file)
CP libqq-0.0.3-ft-0.58-gcc296.so / usr / lib / gaim (copy plugin to the GAIM library directory)
Software settings
When you start the GAIM version 0.85, the login interface will appear. First select "Plugin", click "Load" in the Plugin dialog box, respectively
Libmsn.so and libqq-0.0.3-ft-0.58-gcc296.so file is loaded, confirmed, close. Then choose "All Accounts",
The "Add" continues to click "Add" in the account editor that appears. When you appear, we can enter your QQ or MSN number.
, The login name fills in the QQ number or MSN mailbox, the password fills in the corresponding QQ or MSN password, Alias fills in their nickname, protocol selection
Corresponding QQ or MSN, other settings are by default. You can log in when all settings are complete.
0006
Isolated 22 port now
LSOF -I: 22
0007
View this machine's IP, Gateway, DNS
IP:
Log in with the root user, execute ifconfig. Where ETH0 is the first network card, LO is the default device
GATEWAY:
Log in with root users, execute netstat -rn, and the Gateway at the beginning of 0.0.0.0 is the default gateway
You can also view the / etc / sysconfig / network file, with the specified address!
DNS:
More /etc/reslov.conf, the content is specified as follows:
Nameserver 202.96.69.38
Nameserver 202.96.64.38
0008
RH8.0 command line easily changing the TTL value (CGWeb)
#nsysctl -w net.ipv4.ip_default_ttl = n
(N = 0 ~ 255), if n> 255, TTL = 0
0009
RH8.0 command line easily change the system configuration default value (Houaq)
Edit /etc/sysctl.conf, for example,
Net.IPv4.ip_forward = 0
Become
Net.IPv4.ip_forward = 1
After the restart, take effect, use sysctl -a to seek know
0010
Directory for other Windows machines on the Mount LAN
Mount -t smbfs -o uname = guest, password = guest // machine / path / mnt / cdrom
0011
Allow | No root is logged in through SSH (Fun-FreeBSD)
Modify SSHD_CONFIG: PermitRootLogin No | YES
0012
Let root login directly Telnet
Edit /etc/pam.d/login, remove
Auth Required /Lib/security/pam_securetty.so this sentence
0013
ADSL device in Linux
Need a normal Linux at least one network card broadband device has been applied, and it has been opened
There are about several ADSL devices in the front market, and they have some subtle differences in the way.
This process of completing the Internet through virtual dialing, that is, using the PPPoE device for virtual dialing.
It is called a full-time cat, which is an automatic dialing work after power-on, then left to our interface is RJ45.
The gateway that is generally left to our Dalian area is 10.0.0.2, which is the easiest to deal with it, and finally directly distribute
Give the user a fixed IP, relatively easy to deal with
1. The first need is required to dial:
These devices communicate with the computer via the ETH interface, so the connection of the hardware device is first, especially
It is a broadband cat, must be confirmed correctly (otherwise, don't you do something for a while)
Then start the system, confirm whether the software is installed on the system (check it through rpm -qa | grep pppoe
Find), if there is no installed user, in the disc or go online to Down, after installing, ROOT users
Perform ADSL-SETUP, so that the setting status of the ADSL data is entered, requiring the user name to apply for a broadband.
And some other information, confirm that there is no problem, accept until the end (it is E text, but you can understand,
Simple, about a firewall setting, I usually don't use, choose 0, you can consider it.
After the configuration is complete, execute ADSL-START with root users, which will make ADSL dial-up work, will normal.
Online, if there is any specific problem, let's take a look at the log (/ var / log / messages) telling you what.
Stop ADSL and execute ADSL-STOP (very simple)
2. The other two are easier to deal with:
Full-time cat: Just set your network card's IP to an IP of a 10-network segment, then the gateway refers to the IP of the whole point of cat
(10.0.0.2), basically no big problem
Fixed IP: Like a network card configured, you can get IP, gateway, and DNs can be done.
