1.ae lock
AE is an abbreviation of Automatic Exposure Auto Exposure Control Device. The AE lock is to lock at a AE setting. When it is used to automatically expose, it is normal to control exposure, ensuring normal exposure. There are a few points to use the AE lock: 1. Auto Exposure (AE) lock cannot be used when manual or self-portrait. 2. Do not adjust the aperture size after pressing the automatic exposure (AE) lock. 3. Do not use the (AE) lock when shooting with flash.
2.ccd
Chinese translation is "CHARGED COPLED DEVICE), which is like a conventional camera's negative circuit device, you can imagine it into a small induction particle, full of optical lenses, When the light is transmitted from the lens, the CCD generates a current when it projected into the CCD surface, and the sensing content is converted into digital data. The more the number of CCD pixels, the larger the single pixel size, the clearer the image collected. Therefore, although the number of CCDs is not the only focus of determining the quality of the image, we can still treat it as one of the important judgments of the camera level.
3.cmos
Comple-Mentary Metal-Oxicle-Semiconductor, Chinese Translated into "Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor"
4.DPOF
DPOF refers to a digital printing sequence instruction for logging information on a storage medium (video memory card, etc.). Under this format, you can set how many images taken by digital cameras and how much are you printing.
5.exif
The so-called ExchangeRable Image File Format for Digital Still Cameras is a specifications of the additional information on the documentation of the JPEG image and the sound of the JPEG image and the sound of the JPEG image and sound.
6.exif 2.2
EXIF 2.2 is a new digital camera file format, which contains the various shooting information necessary to achieve optimal printing.
7.ptp
PTP is an abbreviation for the English "Picture Transfer Protocol".
PTP is the first standard that Kodak and Microsoft negotiate, which meets this standard image device to be better being shared by the system and applications after accessing the Windows XP system, especially in network transmission, and system can be directly Accessing these devices Uploads, the transmission of images, online chat, etc. during online albums.
Of course, this is mainly to make the camera, application software, website .... more easily complete some fool-style functions to facilitate the computer knowledge of ordinary users.
8.TIFF format
TIFF is a more flexible image format, its full name is Tagged Image File Format, file extension is TIF or TIFF. This format supports 256 colors, 24-bit color, 32-bit color, 48-bit color, etc., and supports RGB, CMYK, and YCBCR, support multi-platform. The TIFF file can be non-compressed, the file is large, or it can be compressed, supporting RAW, RLE, LZW, JPEG, CCITT3 group, and 4 groups, etc.
9.wave
This is the standard Windows file format used in the recording, the file extension is "WAV", the data itself is a PCM or compression.
10. Picture Transfer Protocol
Image Transfer Protocol English is a full name: Picture Transfer Protocol, abbreviated as PTP. PTP is a standard developed by Kodak and Microsoft, which meets this standard image device to be better being shared by the system and applications after accessing the Windows XP system, especially in network transmission, and system can directly access these The device is used to establish the upload of the image, and the transmission of pictures of pictures when chatting online. Of course, this is mainly to make the camera, application software, website, etc. combined with a general user who makes it easy to make computer knowledge, and more easily complete some fool-style functions. 11. Image Storage Format
Since the image file photographed by the digital camera is large, the storage capacity is limited, and the image is usually compressed and stored. The most common image storage format is JPEG and TIFF files. JPEG has been highly compressed, which enables the file to become around 1/4, 1/8 or 1/16 size, so there are many storage spaces, but relatively Many cameras will provide specific compression ratios for their own compression ratio for specific compression ratios.
The TIFF file is almost uncompressed, so the image is more complete than JPEG. However, because the image resolution is higher, the smaller the compression, the more memory space, so it must be taken into account the quality requirements of the image and the capacity of the memory card. For example, an 8MB SmartMedia memory card is 640 × 480 resolution, and 80 photos may be saved, but if the 424 × 768, the photo uncompressed format can only save 3, the difference is actually Very large, so preset storage mode or simply prepare enough memory card before shooting.
12. Non-loss and loss of compression
Lossless compression and lossless compression are two types of digital image file compression.
Lossless compression is the compression of the file itself, like the compression of other data files, is optimized for the data storage method of the file, and uses some algorithm to indicate duplicate data information, the file can be restored, and the file content is not affected, for the digital code In terms of images, there is no loss of image details. The lossless compression is a change in the image itself. When the image is retained, more brightness information is retained, and the information of the color phase and the color purity and the surrounding pixels are combined. The ratio of the combination is different, and the ratio of the compression is also different. The amount of information is reduced, so the compression ratio can be very high, and the image quality will also decline accordingly.
13.GT lens
The GT lens refers to a plurality of multi-group multi-group multi-group combined with smart lens assemblies, and the lens lens uses high-grade hypervisor optical glass, including multiple molded-shaped aspherical lenses, and the like. That is to say, the lens used by the G-Series high-end professional traditional camera (Silver salt camera) is called AF lens, and the beauty can produce the production of G series lenses in design and production of digital cameras, produced products It is called a GT lens.
14. Zeiss camera
Zeiss. Zeiss is a German company that is committed to application research. For high-quality product development, manufacturing and sales of optical, glass technology, precision technology, and electronics. Since 1846, Carl Zeiss has opened a production microscope workshop. Zeiss lens, professional camera, photographic lens
15. Wide angle mirror
That is, Wide Angle, called a short focal lens. The wide-angle mirror is very short of the focal length, so the scenery on the film is turned into a lens shooting angle, and more than the photographing of more scenes can be photographed in a narrow environment.
16.iesp Auto Focus
Abbreviation for IESP English Intelligent Electro Selective Pattern (Intelligent Electronic Selection Mode). IESP Auto Focus is a digital camera to do multiple block splits in the focus range (with the segmentation of segmentation), and then integrate the focus position measured by the split block, determine the best focal distance according to the different states of the main body. . IESP Auto Focus is often seen in the introduction of the Olympus digital camera. 17. Zoom
Another focus of the lens in zoom capabilities, so-called zoom capabilities include Optical Zoom and digital zoom. Although the two have a help of the distant objects, only the optical zoom can support the image body imaging, add more pixels, so that the main body is not only bigger, but also relatively clearer. Typically zoom multiples are more suitable for use in long-standing shooting. Optical zoom is the same as the traditional camera design, depending on the focal length of the lens, so resolution and picture quality will not change. Digital zoom can only be small, allowing images to make images on the LCD screen, but will not help make detail clearer. So when purchasing a digital camera, we often advise you to pay attention to the multiple of optical zoom. At present, there are 3 times more optical zoom in the mid-end camera, but there are also products with ultra-long zoom functions, such as 10x optical zoom models.
18. Optical zoom
It is the same as the optical lens structure to achieve zoom, the zoom mode is similar to the 35mm camera, that is, through the camera movement to zoom in to zoom in to zoom in shooting, the larger the optical zoom multiplication, the farther can be taken. Today's digital camera optical zoom factor is between 2 times - 5 times, and some code cameras have 10 times the optical zoom effect. The optical zoom factor of the household camcorder is 10 times to 22 times, which can be more clear to take a 70-meter thing. Use a diverting glass to increase the optical zoom factor of the camcorder.
19. Digital zoom
That is, Digital Zoom is actually an electron amplification of the picture, and a part of the original CCD image sensor uses "interpolated" processing means to make enlarged, enlarge the pixel in the CCD image sensor to enlarge the screen to the entire screen. . Through digital zoom, the photographed scene is amplified, but its clarity will have a certain degree of decline, a bit like the ZOOM function in VCD or DVD, so digital zoom is not too big. At present, the digital zoom of digital cameras is generally 6 times, and the digital zoom of the camera is around 44 times to 600 times. There are 40 times more in actual use. If the zoom factor is not enough, we can add a diverting glass before the lens. If the viewing angle is small, a wide-angle mirror can be added accordingly.
20. Intelligent zoom
The newly unique Sony intelligent zoom function. It can enlarge zoom shooting, which will not enlarge the particles, and the enlarged image can also maintain the original fine queen. Intelligent zoom provides different degrees of strengthening zoom capabilities in response to different image sizes. It is different from digital zoom, and the smart zoom can keep the image quality as the original image.
21. Arrival automatic exposure
The program-based automatic exposure is the product that combines electronic technology and artificial intelligence. When using this approach, the camera can not only calculate the appropriate exposure amount according to the light conditions, but also automatically select the appropriate exposure combination.
22. Super focus distance
Since the rear view of the lens is relatively large, people call the distance from the focus of the focus to the overfocal distance. The fool camera generally utilizes the over-focus distance, and the scenery of the short focal lens can be more clear imaging, so that the focus function is saved, so the general low-grade fool camera does not automatically focus, just take advantage of the overfocal distance. . As mentioned earlier, "Clear" is not an absolute concept, the scenery in the over-focus distance is not a real clear image. Because it is not in focus, it is definitely blurred, but the level of fuzzy is acceptable, this is The film taken by a fool camera cannot be enlarged. 23. Interpolation
Interpolation, sometimes referred to as "reset sample", is a method of increasing the image pixel size without generating a pixel, using mathematical formulas to calculate the color of the lost pixel on the basis of the surrounding pixel color. Some cameras use interpolation, and artificially increase the resolution of the image.
24. Super HAD Image Sensor
Built-in application "Super Hole Acumulation Diode (HAD) electronic picture quality improvement technology CCD image sensor, improve the induction performance of CCD and enhance digital signal processing function, effectively, noise reduction and unnecessary interference when shooting image images, order The picture is clearer, the color level is more distinct, and the effect is especially significant when the live source is insufficient or shooting night scene.
25.TTL metering
TTL Light Measuring. The amount of light is measured by the lens, which is independent of the exposure of the filter, the aperture focal length, and the like. The measuring light is divided into an average, topical, central focus, etc. Any kind of measurement method is similar, but the illumination method like backlight is extremely different, or a method such as a micro-shadow occurs, or a different approach is different.
26.ISO photosensitive value
The ISO photosensitive value is a conventional camera backsheet to a sensitive measurement value of the light reaction, usually in ISO digital, the larger the digital, the stronger the senseous optical direction, and the commonly used representation is ISO 100, 400, 1000, etc., in general, photosensitive The higher the degree, the thicker the particles of the film, the effect is poor, and the digital camera is also used to mark the exposure used in the metering system, the lower the reference ISO, the higher the amount of exposure.
27. Storage medium
Image storage media stores an image of a digital camera, generally we call a memory card, and the memory card used by digital cameras on the market, there are three specifications: Smart Media: small size, cheaper, maximum capacity to 64MB You can use a disk transfer card, card reader or PCMCIA as a transfer device. CompactFlash: The price is higher, compared with the SM card, the capacity is large, up to 128MB, fast speed, and the transfer device is a card reader and PCMCIA. Memory Stick: Currently a Sony dedicated memory specification and can only be used on Sony machines.
28.cf flash card
A pocket memory card, Compact Flash Card. Insert a digital camera like a PC card, it can use the adapter, (also known as the transfer card) to adapt to the standard PC card reader or other PC card device.
The part of the CF memory card uses a reinforcing glass and metal shell, and the CF memory card is adopted with the Standard ATA / IDE interface. It is equipped with a special PCM-CIA adapter (transfer card). The user of the laptop can be used directly on the PCMCIA slot. Make the data easily transfer between digital cameras and computers.
29. SM flash card, MEDIA, smart media card, a storage medium. The SM card uses the SSFDG / FLASH memory card with ultra-small ultra-thin ultra-light and other characteristics, with a volume of 37 (length) × 45 (width) × 0.76 (thick) mm, weight is 1.8g, power consumption, easy upgrade, SM The conversion card also has a PCMCIA interface that facilitates the user's data transfer.
30.Memory Stick Duo
Memory Stick Duo, a miniature memory stick, the volume and weight of the micro memory sticks are about one-third of the ordinary memory stick, and the current maximum storage capacity can reach 128MB.
31. Youka
Youka is the same digital camera storage medium, shape, and a general CF card produced by Lexar. You can use digital devices such as digital cameras, PDAs, MP3, and other digital devices using CF cards. Used as a mobile memory.
32. Digital film
The digital film is a storage medium of LEXAR, a storage medium of a digital camera, a SM card, a pongason's SD card, Sony's MemoryStick belonging to digital storage media.
33.PC card converter
A connector, can insert the CF card or SM card into it, then the entire PCMICA jack is inserted as a PC card, which is commonly used for a generic extension interface that can be connected to the PCMICA memory card, PCMICA hard drive , PCMICA modem, etc.
34.IRDA infrared interface
IRDA is an English abbreviation for Infrared Data Association (Infrared Data Standards Association), and IRDA infrared interface is an infrared wireless transmission protocol and a wireless transmission interface based on this protocol. A digital camera that supports an IRDA interface that transmits digital photos such as laptops or printers wirelessly supporting other devices that support IrDA such as laptops or printers.
35.lcd view
This is a way of viewing of most digital cameras. The only advantage of LCD Scenaria is the only shortcoming of correcting ordinary optical views, but it is like Windows 98, correcting the Windows 95 BUG generates more bugs. Then look at the shortcomings of the LCD view: First, the LCD is a power consuming household, he wants to take a total of 1/3 of the whole camera; secondly, the posture of the LCD view must be forward, keeping a distance from the eyes, at this time the camera cannot be obtained. Stable triangle support, it is difficult to shoot with a low speed shutter, and finally the picture color displayed on the LCD. The actual image error of the contrast is larger in the actual image of the actual computer, and even the Million pixel LCD It seems that the picture is still very rough, and it is impossible to observe the detail of the shooting. It is difficult for you to make a judgment for your photos in this picture. Fortunately, the digital camera is almost equipped with ordinary optical view and LCD view. If you purchase a digital camera with only the LCD viewfinder has a risk unless you have enough to grasp the effect you need.
36.lcd viewfinder
That is, Liquid Crystal Display, LCD screen. There are black and white and color, there are real color and pseudo colors in color, and the false color is cheap, but the effect is poor. LCDs used for snacks and playback in digital cameras are almost all the best TFT true color. In the TFT LCD, there are two kinds of reflection and transmission, and the ambient light in the front side of the reflective reflection is greatly observed from different angles, the display is dark, but power saves, low cost; the light after the transmissive is working, and the angle change is small. , Display bright, but extremely charged.
37.OLED
For the image of the OLED structure, we can do a simple metaphor: Each OLED unit is like a hamburger, the luminescent material is a vegetable in the middle. Each OLED's display unit can be controlled by controlling three different colors. OLEDs are the same as LCD, and there are active and passive points. The passive mode is illuminated by the unit selected by the ranks address. In the active mode, there is a thin film transistor (TFT) after the OLED unit, and the light emitting unit is lit in the TFT drive. The active OLED is saplified, but the passive OLED display performance is better. Compared with LCD, it will find that OLED has a lot of advantages. OLED can be emitted by itself, and the LCD does not illuminate. So the OLED is much larger than the LCD, the contrast is large, and the color effect is good. OLEDs do not have a limit of viewing range, and the viewing angle can generally reach 160 degrees, which will not distract from the side. The LCD needs to be light on the background, and the OLED only needs to light up the unit to power up, and the voltage is low, so it is more power saving. The weight of the OLED is much more lighter than the LCD. The materials required OLED are rare, the manufacturing process is simple, and the cost of mass production is 20% more than LCD. However, the most important disadvantage of OLED is that the life is shorter than the LCD, which can only reach 5,000 hours, while LCD can reach 10,000 hours.
38.TTL single-induced view
This is a must-have-to-picture method, which is also an optical viewing method that truly has no error. This viewfinder has a viewing range of 95% of the real shot. The only disadvantage is that if the lens is too small, the viewfinder will be very dark, affecting manual focus. Fortunately, now have auto-focus, this shortcomings have no more problem. Of course, use TTL SLR views for unusually dark, manufacturers will use large-scale high-grade lenses, so generally half professional cameras equipped with such lenses. This viewfinder often uses this viewfinder on the camera of Olympus.
39. Electronic view
Electronic viewfinder (EVF), the use of electronic viewing view is much larger than the optical viewfinder, such as SONY DSC-F707 EVF's vision rate of 99%. The electronic viewfinder is also more practical. This viewing method is not only cheaper, but it is very power-saving, and it can be used under any environment. Although the viewfinder in the viewfinder is not all the same as the final result, it will soon be adapted after a period of time.
40. Optical viewfinder
The traditional popularity of the lens viewed in the camera is not related to the lens of the lens (the high-grade fool machine often communicating with the zoom lens), but has a parallax, but it is not entirely shooting Arrived.
41. Ordinary optical view
This is the most common way of viewing, the only disadvantage is that the viewing error is large. Friends with digital cameras must know that when the optical viewfinder of digital cameras is taken closely, the error of the upper and lower left and right position errors and the actual shooting scene (long distance is not particularly obvious), generally to see the optical viewfinder The scene accounts for about 85% of the actual shooting view.
42. Multi-measurement mode
Equipped with three test modes: fixed-point metering, central partial weight measuring and multi-metering mode to meet different photographic conditions and purpose. Multi-measuring mode is divided into 49 regions, and performing metering for each region, making a balanced exposure.
43. Enclosure exposure
Bracketing is a high-level feature of the camera. The inclusive exposure is that when you press the shutter, the camera is not shooting, but a plurality of different exposure combines, thereby ensuring that there is always an exposure of the photographer. Using the inclusion exposure needs to be set to surround the exposure mode, shooting as usual as usual. The inclusive exposure is generally used in the subject of still or slow moving, because it is difficult to capture multiple pieces of motion, it is difficult to capture the best shooting timing of the motor.
44. Pre-exposure
PRE-FLASH Exposition, in general shooting or macro shooting, image data received by the prevailing, can more accurately measure the flash intensity and exposure value, the image of the captured Get better exposure. 45. Redeene
When shooting a portrait with a flash, because the subject's eyes of the blood vessel reflects, there is a phenomenon in the eyes of the person. But the general current digital camera has a red eye function, but if not open, it still does not work.
46. Detearth shock function
There are two anti-hand shock functions of digital cameras: one is optical, one is digital. The optical anti-hand shock and conventional camera are the same, which is a lens that sets a special envoy design in the imaging optical path to sense the vibration of the camera, and automatically adjust the optical path according to the characteristics of the vibration, so that the imaging is stable. The digital anti-hand shock is the method of calculating the impact of the imaging scanning process and the process of mechanical shutter to cooperate with each other, and obtain a stable picture. In general, the well-designed optical anti-hand shock system effect is reliable and true.
47. Super infrared night camera function
SONY's first infrared night-touch function, can shoot in the whole black environment, even the object that can not distinguish between the meat, can now be clearly taken. With the slow shutter switch *, the image is detailed and pleasing to the eye.
The slow shutter of the infrared night camera is 2 selection, the slow shutter of the super infrared night camera is automatic adjustment.
48. Automatic power saving function
If the camera is not used within 15 seconds, the automatic power saving function will work and turn off the liquid crystal display (sleep mode), which avoids the battery unnecessary power consumption or prevents power supply when the camera is connected to the power supply AC adapter. Consumption, when the camera is not used for a longer period of time, the automatic power saving function will turn off the camera power, this length of time can be set on the camera, which can be 2 to 5 minutes.
49. Delivery camera
Refers to the camera that uses a fixed focal length lens. Generally, the "fool" camera using the fixed focus is small than the zoom "fool" machine in the same-time price, and the quality of imaging is more won, and the consumer of such cameras is often the compact size of the camera. And excellent lens quality.
50. Zoom camera
Simply put, it means that the lens focal length used by the camera can be modulated so that we can get different visual and shooting effects by changing the lens focal length. The current excellent zoom "Fool" camera not only has a completely assured and satisfactory high quality zoom lens, but can adjust the composition through the conversion focal length to obtain a more satisfactory shooting result, the designer also highlights their stylish and beautiful Surface characteristics.
51. SLR camera
SLR means the single lens reflector, that is, SINGLE LENS Reflex. In this system, the unique design of the mirror and prism allows the photographer to observe images through the lens from the viewfinder. In the configuration diagram of a single lens reflective camera, it is possible to see that after the light reaches the mirror through the lens, reflects to the focus screen above and forms an image, through the attachment mirror and the five prism, we can see the outside in the viewing window. Scenery. When shooting, when the shutter button is pressed, the mirror will pop up, the shutter curtain in front of the soft film is turned on, and the light (image) of the lens is projected onto the film on the film, and the mirror is immediately restored. Obmitter, you can see the image again in the viewing window. This configuration of a single-lens reflective camera determines that it is completely transmitted through the lens focus, which enables the image and film seen in the view window, and its viewing range and the actual shooting range are basically consistent. , Eliminating the parallax phenomenon of the side axis of the camera, from the perspective of learning photography, it is very conducive to visualize the plane. Single-lens reflective camera has a big feature that can be exchanged for different specifications.
52. Digital Camera
Digital cameras is the same as traditional cameras, whether they are extemporary or function, mainly captured and saved dynamic or static images. Digital cameras and traditional cameras are most obvious to different points on the storage medium, digital cameras are using a disk or memory card that can record image, and after the shooting is completed, I can use RS-232, EPP, USB and other standard computers. Online mode is transferred to the computer, or can be directly printed by a printer with special functions. The biggest advantage is that when the shooting effect is not satisfactory, it can be deleted in time and re-shoot, and simultaneously do not need a traditional camera on the storage medium. Generally, the film is usually purchased, and the cost of the film can be saved, and the printed fee is saved. In terms of processing efficiency, digital cameras have a very big advantage than traditional cameras. Hundreds of photos taken in the past, false, and they must wait for rinsing, mailing time, now As long as the image is passed through the digital camera to the computer, then the email can be transferred to the participants in real time, so the digital camera can be said to be a very convenient image device. One. 53. Red Eye
"Red Eye" refers to the phenomenon of red spotted pupils in the photo. It can be understood that in a darker environment, the pupil of the human eye will amplify, at this time, if the optical axis of the flash and the camera lens are close, the strong flash light is reflected through the human fundus, and the fundus is rich Capillary, these blood vessels are red, so it forms a red spot. Red-red eyes are a function of flash, which is previvable before the official flash, so that the pupil of the human eye is reduced, thereby reducing red eye.
54. Contrast
The contrast refers to the measurement of different brightness hierarchies between the brightest white and the most dark black in the dark area, the larger the difference, the larger the comparison, the smaller the difference, the smaller comparison rate 120 : 1 can easily display vivid, rich colors, which can support all levels of colors when the contrast is up to 300: 1. However, the contrast rate is suffering from the same brightness. There is still no effective and fair standard to measure the contrast, so the best identification is still relying on the user's eyes.
55. Bai Balance
That is, White Balance. The color of the object causes a change in the color of the projected light, and the photos taken under different light applications will have different color temperatures. For example, the photographs taken by a tungsten film (light bulb) illumination may be yellow, in general, the CCD does not have a way to automatically correct the light change like the human eye. Therefore, through the amendment of the white balance, it will immediately adjust the intensity of the entire image red and green blue, and the error caused by the external light is immediately adjusted in the current image characteristics. Some cameras also provide manual white balance adjustment in addition to design automatic white balance or a particular color warm white balance.
56. Resolution
A parameter for the amount of data for the image image of the metric bitmap. It is usually expressed as a PPI (pixel per inch). The more data is included, the greater the length of the graphic file, and it can also express a richer details. But larger documents also need to consume more computer resources, more RAM, larger hard disk space, and more. On the other hand, if the data contained in the image is not sufficient enough (the graphical resolution is low), it will appear quite rough, especially when the image is enlarged into a larger size. So during the image creation, we must decide the correct resolution based on the image end use. The skill here is to first guarantee that the image contains enough data to meet the needs of the final output. At the same time, it should be appropriate, try to occupy some of the resources of some computers.
Typically, "resolution" is represented by the number of pixels in each direction, such as 640x480, and the like. In some cases, it can also indicate the "Pixel" (PPI) and the length and width of the graphic. For example, 72PPI, and 8x6 inches. PPI and DPI (number per inch point) often have mixed phenomenon. From a technical point of view, "pixel" (p) is only present in the field of computer display, while "point" (d) is only in the field of print or print. Please pay attention to readers.
57. Sensitivity
Sensitivity, adjusts the photosensitive capacity of the camera according to different intensity of the light source.
When using a conventional camera, we can purchase different sensitivity (speed) negatives, such as the brightness of the shooting environment, can be used with ISO200, dark as a stage, concert environment available ISO400 or higher, while digital cameras There is also a similar function, which changes the ISO value by changing the magnification of the signal amplifier in the photosensitive chip, but when lifting the ISO value, the amplifier enlays the noise in the signal to produce a thick particle.
58. Aperture
The aperture is a device for controlling light transmitting light through the lens, into the injecting surface of the body, is usually in the lens. Expressing aperture size We use a f value.
Aperture F value = diameter of the focal length / lens caliber of the lens
From the above formula, it is known that the same aperture F value is to achieve the same aperture F value, and the diameter of the long focal length lens is larger than the diameter of the short focal length lens. The complete aperture value series is as follows:
F1, F1.4, F2, F2.8, F4, F5.6, F8, F11, F16, F22, F32, F44, F64
It is worthwhile here that the aperture F is smaller, the more the inclination in the same unit time is more, and the upper level of the inlet amount is doubled, for example, the aperture is adjusted from F8 to F5.6. The amount of light is doubled, and we also say that the aperture has opened a level. For consumer digital cameras, the aperture F is often between F2.8 - F16. In addition, many digital cameras can be adjusted by 1/3 level when adjusting the aperture.
59. Aperture and shutter priority
In addition to providing a fully automatic (Auto) mode, digital cameras, usually there are two options for Aperture Priority, shutter priority, so that you can decide a aperture value or certain The shutter value is then mixed with a suitable shutter or aperture to present a different depth of field (sharpness) or effects.
60. Aperture first decoration mode
After we decide the aperture F, the camera metering system automatically selects the appropriate shutter speed (which can be accurately non-segregated shutter speed) in the case of the light line. There is a digital camera with an exposure mode dial, usually on the 'a' letter on the turntable to represent aperture prerequisite mode (see Figure 4). The aperture prerequisite is suitable for the photography of the depth of field.
Since the focal length of the digital camera is much shorter than the conventional camera, the diameter of the lens is small, so it is difficult to produce a narrower depth of field. Some digital cameras have a special portrait exposure mode that uses the built-in program for foreground and blurring.
61. Focus
If you have seen "f =" on the English specification of the camera, then the digital after the rear is usually its focal length, that is, the focal length length. Such as
"f = 8-24mm, 38-115mm (35mm equivalent)", means that the focal length of the camera is 8-24mm, and the angle of view is equivalent to the 38-115mm of the traditional 35mm camera after conversion. In general, the standard lens of the 35mm camera is approximately 28-70mm, so if the focal length is higher than 70mm, it represents supporting the expectant effect. If it is below 28mm, it indicates wide-angle shooting capabilities. "Confocus range" is the extension of the focal length, which is usually divided into general shooting distance from the pertile distance. The general shooting distance of the camera is usually indicated as "from a certain credit to infinite", and the product of the advancement is often Close shooting function (Macro) is provided to make up for problems that cannot be focused in general shooting mode. Some cameras have very emphasized with the magical power that supports the close shot of 1 cm, suitable for shooting fine objects.
62. Jingjing
When shooting, the camera lens is adjusted, making the scene of the scenery of the scenery from the camera, called focus, the point where the scene is located, called focus, because "clear" is not an absolute concept, so Before the focus (near the camera), the imaging of the scenes within a certain distance can be clear, the sum of this front-rear range, is called the depth, meaning as long as the scenery within this range is clearly photographed. The size of the depth of field is first related to the lens focal length, focus length, the scenery is small, the focal length is large. Next, the depth of field is related to the aperture, the smaller the aperture (the larger value, such as the aperture of the F16 is smaller than the aperture of F11), the larger the depth of field; the larger the aperture, the smaller value, for example, the aperture of the F2.8 is greater than f5.6) The smaller the depth of field. Second, the prospects are deep than the latter background, that is, after precise focus, the scene in front of the focus can be clearly imaging, and the scenes within a long distance behind the focus are clear.
63. Ring light
The ring flash is installed directly on the camera lens. The luminescence tube is a luminaire, the power is small, and the light is more like effect. It is very suitable for macro photography, very useful in the field of medical and research. In the spare and macro photography, due to the subject and distance the lens, the ordinary flash will produce a strong shadow, and the amount of exposure is not easy to control, which is often used in the ring flash.
64. Mirror coke plane shutter
The mirror shutter consists of a series of thin steel blades and placed between the units of the lens. The shutter release button triggers a spring that makes the blade on the exposure and then closed. This type of shutter is called the blade shutter. The focal plane is located in the camera, just in front of the film. Since it is in the focus plane, it is the front of the film position, therefore named. The comparative focal plane shutter has the following two advantages: First, because the focal plane shutter is installed in the camera body, not in the lens, this interchangeable lens is often not too expensive. But for the blade shutter, the shutter is part of the lens, so the lens containing the blade shutter will be more expensive. Secondly, the focal plane shutter can have a faster exposure speed. In order to understand the reasons, it is necessary to know the working principle of a little focal plane shutter, and the operation of the focal plane is like a pair of reel curtains. First, the first slap is pulled up, the shutter opens and allows light to illuminate the film. Then, when the predetermined exposure ends, the second bone follows the first bone curtain and blocks the light. This is the reason why the curtain is over the film when the focal plane is working.
65. MTF of the lens
The MTF of the lens is a test parameter and the lens of the lens imaging and the reproduction ability of the real world, and the full name of MTF is MODULAR Transfer Function. Although the MTF of the lens is adjusted by several lens manufacturers, it is not an international standard. Since the digital camera is a product of photoelectric integration, especially non-professional models, the lens is not replaceable, the imaging not only reflects the imaging performance of the lens, but the MTF is only one of the parameters of the lens imaging quality. 66. Lens group
The lens of digital cameras consists of multiple lenses, and the material is divided into two categories of glass and plastic. Some vendors emphasize that their camera lenses are made of glass, so the transmissive is clearer. However, many test reports have shown that glass lens is not necessarily more clear than plastic materials, while the glass lens may also increase the camera weight, so do you want to do more to observe when purchasing, don't stick to the lens On the problem.
67. caliber
The diameter of the diameter of the camera lens.
68. Shutter
It is the device that blocks the light in front of the lens, the greater the time range of the shutter. The number of seconds is suitable for shooting objects, and a camera emphasizes the shutter up to 1/16000 seconds to easily grasp the goals of rapid movement. However, when you are going to shoot, the car water horse dragon, the shutter time is going to be long, and the silk flow effect of the silk is also taken in slow shutter.
As for the common B shutter function of single-eye cameras, although the length of the exposure time can be determined by you, the shooting elasticity is higher, but most consumer digital cameras can not be supported, up to 2 seconds, 8 seconds, 16 seconds, etc. The default value of slower speed.
69. Shutdown time
The camera is not in the automatic focusing function without using the focus lock function, which is called the shutter time from pressing the shutter-release button to start exposure.
70. Shutter first decoration mode
After we decide the shutter speed by us, the camera metering system automatically selects the appropriate aperture F value (the non-segregated F value) in accordance with the case of the light. There is a digital camera with an exposure mode dial, usually on the 's' letter on the turntable to represent the shutter prerequisite mode. The shutter prerequisite is suitable for photography that requires the shutter. Using high-speed shutter condensate operation, the vehicle in which the slow shutter can make the vehicle becomes a beam.
71. Shutter delay
The camera presses the shutter. At this time, the camera is automatically focused, metering, calculated exposure, selecting the appropriate exposure combination ... The time required for data calculation and storage processing is referred to as shutter delay.
72. Continuous shooting speed
Continental speed (BURST Speed), digital cameras takes time to pass photoelectric conversion, A / D conversion, and media records, which take time, especially records, especially records. Therefore, the connection speed of all digital cameras is not very fast. At present, the fastest connected speed in the digital camera is 7 frames / sec, and it must be a few seconds after 3 seconds to continue shooting. Of course, the continuous shooting speed is a must pay attention to the photographic reporter and sports photography, and ordinary photographs can not be considered
73. Continuous snap mode
In the continuous quick shot mode, you only need to press the button, you can shoot continuously, and the continuous movement is vividly recorded.
74. Brightness
The brightness and contrast are somewhat similar, which is used to represent an image of a dark area in a dark area. Different is that the brightness is mainly used to indicate the balance of the darkness of the darkness, which is the intensity of the bright and dark adjustment, and the contrast is clear. The number of levels.
75. Polarization
The polarization mirror is also known as the polarizer, which is divided into two types (CPL) and line offset (PL), and the polarizer is an accessory fitting of the camera. The light itself is an electromagnetic wave, after reflection and diffusion, the vibration in a certain direction will be reduced, thus, thus, the reflective and sky of the surface of the smooth object is polarized, and these light affects photography imaging. Clearness. The polarizer can select light to vibrate in a direction, so that the use of a polarizer can reduce the reflection of the surface of the object, it can highlight the blue sky and white clouds and embossing the sky, in still life photography and the scenery, polarization is very useful. 76. Exposure compensation
It is also an exposure control method, which is generally common at ± 2-3 eV. If the ambient source is darker, the exposure value can be increased (such as adjusting to 1 EV, 2EV) to highlight the clarity of the picture.
77. Exposure
The amount of exposure is the most primitive key factor in the image constitutes, which is mainly determined by the Aperture and Shutter.
78. Holographic autofocus
Hologram AF) is a new automatic focus optical system, using advanced laser holographic photography technology, using laser points to detect the edge of the subject, even if it can shoot accurate focus photos in the dark environment, effective shooting distance More than 4.5 meters.
79. Color depth
DEPTH OF Color, the color depth is also called color bit, which is used to represent the color resolution of digital cameras. Red, green, blue three color channels per color N-bit digital camera, the total color bit is 3N, the total number of colors can be 21N, such as a 24-bit digital camera to get the total number 2 (24 Secondary), that is, 16 777 216 colors. The more colorful numbers of digital cameras, the more the number of detailed details. Typically digital cameras have 24-bit color bits enough, and there are only 30-bit or 36-bit color depth of 30 or 36-bit colors.
80. Flash
The flash is also one of the ways to enhance exposure, especially in dim, and the flashing light helps to make the scenery brighter. However, when shooting the characters, the flash of the flash may have residual phenomena in the eyes of the eye, and therefore happens to "red eye", so many camera merchants join the function of "Eliminate red eye", and beat the flash before the flash is opened. Light allows the pupil to adapt, then perform a real flash to avoid red-eye.
81. Slow synchronization of the flash
Slow sync (SLOW) is a high-level feature implemented by the camera and flash. Slow synchronization of the flash refers to the evening in the morning, evening or has a light illumination, properly reduces the shutter speed, and uses the flash, which can be properly exposed and enrich the background while ensuring that the main exposure is normal.
Slow synchronization has two modes: pre-synchronization and post synchronization. Prior to the time of the shutter, flash immediately after the shutter is completely opened, suitable for the general situation, easy to capture the shooting timing, such as the character's appearance; after the synchronization refers to flash when the shutter will turn off, suitable for shooting motion, can pull the motion trajectory of the motor To form a strong dynamic effect.
82. Flash Index GN
The flash index GN is one of the indices that reflect the flash power size, and the good flash should be stable and adjustable, the color temperature standard (generally 5500K, the same day is the same as fast, and the return speed is fast, can be turned to change the light range, etc.). For the ISO 100 sensitivity film or digital camera setting, GN = aperture coefficient X shooting distance (m).
83. Purple Bide of Digital Photo
The purple Bide of the digital camera is that the phenomenon of the pigment (or other color) of the digital cameras during the interior of the subject in the shooting process during the shooting process. The cause of purple is related to the dispersion of the camera lens, the CCD image area is too small (the imaging unit density is large), the signal processing algorithm inside the camera, and the like. 84. Various or noise
Miscellaneous or noise (Noise), foreign pixels that do not appear in the image are typically generated by electronic interference. It looks like an image is blurred, it is covered with some small rough points.
85. Digital
The digital back is also known as the digital rear, and there is a part of CCD chip and digital processing, without a lens and other agencies, only the installation of the other traditional camera machines can take the device, is added to the middle camera and large On the camera, the middle camera and large camera can be digitally photographed.
86. Dual mode
Indicate the digital camera itself with a single static photography with a digital camera. Two modes of moving photography of video cameras.
87. Pseudo colors
"Pseudo Color" refers to the color stripes and noise appearing in the darkness, which is due to the weak image signal, the signal-to-noise ratio is lowered, and the photoelectric interference signal is revealed, because the actual image should not have an interference signal, said "" color".
88. Equivalent to 35mm camera
The current image device area of the current digital camera is smaller than the area of the ordinary 135 film, so its lens focal length is short, saying that its lens focal length does not say its actual physical focus, and said with its viewing angle 35mm (domestic 135) The camera's lens focus, that is, its "view of the lens is equivalent to XX".
